Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia state; 198,500 km2, 6.3 million residents (2019).The country borders the north to Kazakhstan, to the east and southeast to China, to the west to Uzbekistan and to the south to Tajikistan. Kyrgyzstan became an independent state in 1991. The capital is Bishkek (1 million residents, 2019).
Country facts
- Kyrgyz Republic / Kyrgyz Republic
- Country abbreviation: KG
- Area: 198 500 km2
- Population (2019): 6.3 million residents
- Capital: Bishkek
- Main languages: Kyrgyz, Russian
- State: Republic
- Head of State: Sooronbay Jeenbekov (President)
- Head of Government: Muchammedkalyj Abylgaziev
- Per capita GDP (2018): US $ 1,281
- GNI per capita (2018): US $ 1,220
- Currency unit: 1 som = 100 tyiyns
- Currency code: KGS
- Country Dialing (Telephony): 996
- Internet domain name: kg
- Time difference compared to Sweden: +4
- National Day: August 31 (Independence Day, 1991)
Nature
- Land use: forest (4%), agricultural land (7%), other (89%)
- Highest mountain: Pik Pobedy (7,439 m above sea level)
Population
- Population density (2019): 32 residents per km2
- Natural population growth (2019): 2%; birthrate 25 ‰, death count 5 ‰
- Age structure (2019): 0-14 years (33%), 15-64 (62%), 65- (5%)
- Average life expectancy (2019): men 67 years, women 75 years
- Infant mortality (2019): 15 per 1,000 live births
- Population forecast 2050: 8 million residents
- HDI (2017): 0.672 (place 122 of 189)
- Urbanization rate (2019): 34%
- Most populous cities (2019): Bishkek (1 million residents), Osh (270,500)
Business
- Industry’s contribution to GDP (2017): agriculture (15%), industry (31%), service (54%)
- Exports (2017): US $ 1 840 million
- Main export products: cotton, wool, gold
- Main exporting countries: Switzerland, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan
- Imports (2017): US $ 4 187 million
- Main import products: oil and gas, machinery, chemicals
- Main importing countries: China, Russian Federation, Kazakhstan
- Railway network (2018): 420 km
Most of Kyrgyzstan is highly situated, with snow- and glacier-covered outcrops from the Tian Shan mountain range, which reaches more than 7,000 m above sea level in several places. The valleys exhibit a completely different nature, sometimes characterized by oasis culture. The country has a distinct inland climate with hot summers and cold winters.
Kyrgyzstan’s constitution from 2010 strengthened Parliament’s position. The president is elected for six years while the parliament is elected for five years. Political life is dominated by a strong clan system, and politicians have their base in regional clans rather than in political parties. The country became independent in 1991.
Business is highly differentiated on the basis of ethnic boundaries. About 75% of farmers are Kyrgyz, while other people make up the majority among other occupational groups. The traditional business catch in the country has been livestock management, and it still forms an important part of the country’s economy. Kyrgyzstan has privatized the state sector, but the expected positive effects have largely been absent.
Kyrgyzstan Map
