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Countries in Northern Europe

How Many Countries in Northern Europe

As a region of Europe, Northern Europe is composed of 10 independent countries (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom) and 3 territories (Åland Islands, Faroe Islands, Isle of Man). See below for the list of North European countries and dependencies by population.  Also, you can find all of them in alphabetical order at this end of this page.

1. Denmark

Denmark is Sweden’s neighbor and borders maritime with Sweden in the east. Denmark also includes the Faroe Islands and Greenland, both with a developed autonomy. Administratively, Denmark is divided into North Jutland, Zealand, Southern Denmark, Central Jutland and the capital.

Denmark National Flag
  • Capital: Copenhagen
  • Area: 43,090 km²
  • Language: Danish
  • Currency: Danish Krone

2. Estonia

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltics bordering Latvia and Russia.

Estonia National Flag
  • Capital: Tallinn
  • Area: 45,230 km²
  • Language: Estonian
  • Currency: Estonia

3. Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a republic in northern Europe. Finland has land borders with Norway, Sweden, Russia and in the southern sea border with Estonia. The Gulf of Finland lies between Finland and Estonia.

Finland National Flag
  • Capital: Helsinki
  • Area: 338,420 km²
  • Languages: Finnish and Swedish
  • Currency: Euro

4. Iceland

Iceland is a republic that includes the island of the same name and associated smaller islands. Iceland is located in the North Atlantic between Greenland and the Faroe Islands, just south of the Arctic Circle.

Iceland National Flag
  • Capital: Reykjavik
  • Area: 103,000 km²
  • Language: Icelandic
  • Currency: Icelandic Krona

5. Ireland

Ireland is a state in Europe that occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was divided in 1921. It shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, part of Great Britain, on the northeastern part of the island.

  • Capital: Dublin
  • Area: 70,280 km²
  • Language: Irish and English
  • Currency: Euro

6. Latvia

Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a republic in the Baltics in northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea to the west, Estonia to the north, Russia to the east and Lithuania and Belarus to the south.

Latvia National Flag
  • Capital: Riga
  • Area: 64.589 km²
  • Language: Latvian
  • Currency: Euro

7. Lithuania

Lithuania, formally the Republic of Lithuania, is a republic in the Baltics of Northern Europe. The country borders Latvia to the north, Belarus and Poland to the south and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad to the southwest. The country’s national day is February 16.

Lithuania National Flag
  • Capital: Vilnius
  • Area: 65,300 km²
  • Language: Lithuanian
  • Currency: Euro

8. Norway

Norway, formally the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe, west of Sweden on the Scandinavian peninsula. In addition to Sweden, Norway has a land border with Russia and Finland in the northernmost parts.

Norway National Flag
  • Capital: Oslo
  • Area: 323,780 km²
  • Language: Norwegian
  • Currency: Norwegian Krone

9. Sweden

Sweden National Flag
  • Capital: Stockholm
  • Area: 450,300 km²
  • Language: Swedish
  • Currency: Swedish Krona

10. United Kingdom

The United Kingdom, formally the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a sovereign state located off the northwest coast of the European continent.

United Kingdom National Flag
  • Capital: London
  • Area: 243,610 km²
  • Language: English
  • Currency: British Pound

List of Countries in Northern Europe and Their Capitals

As noted above, there are ten independent countries in the Northern Europe. Among them, the largest country is United Kingdom and the smallest is Iceland. The full list of Northern European countries with capitals is shown in the table below, ranked by latest total population.

Rank Independent Country Current Population Capital
1 United Kingdom 66,040,229 London
2 Sweden 10,263,568 Stockholm
3 Denmark 5,811,413 Copenhagen
4 Finland 5,518,752 Helsinki
5 Norway 5,334,762 Oslo
6 Ireland 4,857,000 Dublin
7 Lithuania 2,791,133 Vilnius
8 Latvia 1,915,100 Riga
9 Estonia 1,324,820 Tallinn
10 Iceland 358,780 Reykjavik

Territories in Northern Europe

Rank Dependent Territory Population Territory of
1 Isle of Man 83,314 U.K.
2 Faroe Islands 51,705 Denmark
3 Åland Islands 29,489 Finland

Map of Countries in Northern Europe

Map of Countries in Northern Europe

Read more:

  • Countries in Northern Africa
  • Countries in Eastern Europe
  • Countries in Southern Europe
  • Countries in Western Europe
  • List of Countries in Europe
  • Largest Countries in Europe by Population
  • Largest Countries in Europe by Area
  • Northern Mariana Islands Holidays
  • Northern Mariana Islands Facts
  • Northern Mariana Islands Airports

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