North Dakota Weather by Month
North Dakota, located in the northern part of the United States, experiences a continental climate characterized by extreme temperature variations between summer and winter. The state’s location far from large bodies of water means that it is subject to wide-ranging temperatures and generally low humidity. Winters in North Dakota are long, harsh, and bitterly cold, with frequent snowfalls and strong winds that often create blizzard conditions. January is the coldest month, with temperatures often plummeting below zero. Spring is brief, with a rapid transition from cold winter weather to the warmth of summer. Summers are short but can be hot, particularly in July, which is the warmest month. Thunderstorms are common during the summer months, bringing much of the state’s annual precipitation. Fall is another short season, marked by cooling temperatures and the first frosts of the season. The state’s wide-open prairies, combined with its dramatic weather patterns, make North Dakota a unique place to experience the extremes of all four seasons.
| Month | Avg. Temp (°F) | Avg. Temp (°C) | Avg. Precipitation (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | -2-17 | -19 to -8 | 0.6 |
| February | 2-23 | -16 to -5 | 0.5 |
| March | 16-37 | -9 to 3 | 0.9 |
| April | 30-54 | -1 to 12 | 1.3 |
| May | 42-67 | 6 to 19 | 2.3 |
| June | 53-77 | 12 to 25 | 3.3 |
| July | 58-83 | 14 to 28 | 2.7 |
| August | 55-82 | 13 to 28 | 2.1 |
| September | 45-70 | 7 to 21 | 1.5 |
| October | 33-55 | 0 to 13 | 1.2 |
| November | 19-36 | -7 to 2 | 0.7 |
| December | 5-22 | -15 to -6 | 0.6 |
January
Weather Description
January is the coldest month in North Dakota, with average temperatures ranging from -2°F to 17°F (-19°C to -8°C). The state experiences long, cold nights and frigid days, with frequent snowfalls and strong winds that often result in blizzard conditions. The northern plains can see temperatures plummet well below zero, making it essential to be prepared for harsh winter conditions.
Clothes to Wear
Dressing warmly is crucial in January. Layering with thermal undergarments, thick sweaters, and a heavy winter coat is necessary. Accessories like a warm hat, gloves, and a scarf are essential to protect against the biting cold. Insulated, waterproof boots are advisable for dealing with snow and icy conditions.
Major Landmarks Recommended
January is a great time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the snow-covered landscapes provide a serene and starkly beautiful environment for winter hiking and wildlife viewing. Fargo’s Plains Art Museum offers indoor cultural experiences, providing a warm retreat from the cold. For those interested in history, the North Dakota Heritage Center & State Museum in Bismarck is an excellent indoor attraction.
February
Weather Description
February in North Dakota remains bitterly cold, with temperatures averaging between 2°F and 23°F (-16°C to -5°C). Snow is common, and the state often experiences strong winds that exacerbate the cold. Despite the harsh weather, the days start to lengthen slightly, providing a bit more daylight.
Clothes to Wear
Layering continues to be essential in February. A heavy winter coat, along with thermal layers, is necessary to stay warm. Accessories such as a hat, gloves, and a scarf are also critical, as are insulated boots for protection against snow and ice.
Major Landmarks Recommended
February is ideal for visiting Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the stark winter landscape offers a unique opportunity to see wildlife, such as bison and elk, in their natural winter habitats. Fargo offers indoor activities like the Fargo Air Museum, which showcases aviation history and provides a warm retreat. For outdoor enthusiasts, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing in Fort Ransom State Park are popular activities.
March
Weather Description
March in North Dakota signals the beginning of spring, with temperatures ranging from 16°F to 37°F (-9°C to 3°C). The weather begins to warm up slightly, but snowstorms are still common, particularly in early March. Rain showers start to become more frequent as the state transitions from winter to spring.
Clothes to Wear
Layering remains important in March. A medium-weight jacket, along with thermal clothing, is recommended. Waterproof boots are essential for dealing with melting snow and mud, while a light hat and gloves may still be necessary for colder days.
Major Landmarks Recommended
March is a great time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the early signs of spring begin to appear in the form of blooming wildflowers. Fargo offers cultural attractions like the Fargo Theatre, which hosts events and screenings throughout the month. Minot’s Scandinavian Heritage Park begins to see more visitors as the weather warms, providing a unique cultural experience.
April
Weather Description
April brings more noticeable spring weather to North Dakota, with average temperatures ranging from 30°F to 54°F (-1°C to 12°C). The snow begins to melt, and the landscape starts to green up. Rain showers are more frequent, and the state sees the first significant signs of spring.
Clothes to Wear
Spring layers are ideal for April. A medium-weight jacket, long-sleeve shirts, and comfortable pants are recommended. Waterproof shoes and a rain jacket are essential for staying dry during the frequent rain showers. As temperatures can rise during the day, it’s a good idea to have lighter layers underneath.
Major Landmarks Recommended
April is a fantastic time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the warmer weather makes hiking and wildlife viewing more pleasant. Fargo hosts various spring events, including the Fargo Marathon, which draws runners from across the region. Bismarck’s Sertoma Park offers outdoor activities as the city begins to come alive with the arrival of spring.
May
Weather Description
May in North Dakota brings warmer temperatures, with averages ranging from 42°F to 67°F (6°C to 19°C). The state becomes lush and green, with flowers blooming and trees fully leafing out. Rain showers are still common, but the warmer temperatures make this a pleasant month for outdoor activities.
Clothes to Wear
May requires a versatile wardrobe to handle the variable weather. Light layers such as t-shirts and long-sleeve shirts, paired with a light jacket or sweater, are ideal. Waterproof clothing, including a rain jacket and sturdy boots, is recommended for those venturing into nature. As temperatures rise, you can start to swap heavier winter gear for lighter, more breathable options.
Major Landmarks Recommended
May is an excellent time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the weather is perfect for exploring the park’s scenic trails and wildlife. Fargo offers a vibrant downtown scene, with shops, restaurants, and the Fargo Air Museum providing indoor attractions. Bismarck’s Missouri River offers fishing, boating, and other outdoor activities, making it a great destination for nature lovers.
June
Weather Description
June ushers in the warmth of early summer in North Dakota, with temperatures ranging from 53°F to 77°F (12°C to 25°C). The state’s landscapes are lush and green, with wildflowers in full bloom. The weather is generally mild and pleasant, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities.
Clothes to Wear
With the arrival of warmer weather, lighter clothing becomes more appropriate. T-shirts, light long-sleeve shirts, and hiking pants are ideal for daytime activities. However, evenings can still be cool, so a light jacket or fleece is recommended. Sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses are also important to protect against the strong summer sun.
Major Landmarks Recommended
June is one of the best times to explore Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the warm weather makes for excellent hiking and wildlife viewing. Bismarck’s Sertoma Park provides beautiful trails for hiking and wildlife viewing. For those interested in North Dakota’s cultural history, the North Dakota Heritage Center & State Museum in Bismarck offers fascinating exhibits and beautiful views of the surrounding landscape.
July
Weather Description
July is the warmest month in North Dakota, with temperatures averaging between 58°F and 83°F (14°C to 28°C). The weather is generally warm and dry, making it the peak season for outdoor activities. This is the best time to explore North Dakota’s natural beauty, from its national parks to its scenic byways.
Clothes to Wear
Summer attire is suitable for July, including t-shirts, shorts, and breathable fabrics. However, temperatures can drop in the evenings, so a light jacket or sweater is still advisable. Comfortable hiking shoes or sandals are recommended for outdoor activities, and don’t forget sun protection, including sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses.
Major Landmarks Recommended
July is perfect for visiting Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the warm weather makes for excellent hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing. Fargo’s Red River Zoo is another popular destination, offering family-friendly activities and a chance to see exotic animals. Bismarck’s Missouri River provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and enjoying the summer sun.
August
Weather Description
August continues the warm summer weather in North Dakota, with temperatures ranging from 55°F to 82°F (13°C to 28°C). The days are long and sunny, making it an ideal month for outdoor adventures. This is the driest month of the year, particularly in Western North Dakota, offering perfect conditions for exploring the outdoors.
Clothes to Wear
Light, breathable clothing is best for August, with t-shirts, shorts, and comfortable hiking gear being essential. A lightweight rain jacket or poncho can be useful in case of unexpected showers. Sun protection remains important, so hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen are necessary for any outdoor activities.
Major Landmarks Recommended
August is an excellent time to explore Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the warm weather makes for excellent hiking and wildlife viewing. Medora, located near the park, offers cultural events like the Medora Musical, a popular outdoor show. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park near Bismarck provides historical tours and hiking trails, making it a great destination for history buffs and nature enthusiasts.
September
Weather Description
September in North Dakota marks the beginning of fall, with temperatures cooling to an average range of 45°F to 70°F (7°C to 21°C). The days are still warm and pleasant, but the nights become cooler, and the first signs of autumn appear in the changing colors of the leaves. This is one of the best months for outdoor activities, with fewer crowds and stunning landscapes.
Clothes to Wear
Layering is key in September, as temperatures can vary widely throughout the day. A combination of t-shirts, long-sleeve shirts, and a medium-weight jacket or fleece is recommended. Comfortable hiking boots and a hat are essential for exploring the outdoors, and a light rain jacket can be useful for unexpected showers.
Major Landmarks Recommended
September is a prime time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the fall colors begin to emerge, creating a stunning backdrop for hiking and photography. Medora continues to offer cultural events like the Medora Musical, a popular outdoor show. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park near Bismarck provides historical tours and hiking trails, making it a great destination for history buffs and nature enthusiasts.
October
Weather Description
October in North Dakota brings more noticeable autumn weather, with temperatures averaging between 33°F and 55°F (0°C to 13°C). The state begins to prepare for winter, with cooler days and chilly nights. Snowfall is possible, particularly at higher elevations, and the fall colors reach their peak, creating a beautiful contrast against the rugged terrain.
Clothes to Wear
As temperatures drop, warmer clothing becomes necessary. Layered clothing, including long-sleeve shirts, sweaters, and a warm jacket, is ideal for October. A beanie, gloves, and waterproof boots are recommended for those venturing into higher elevations or preparing for the possibility of early snowfall.
Major Landmarks Recommended
October is a great time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the fall colors provide a stunning backdrop for outdoor activities like hiking, biking, and apple picking. Medora continues to offer cultural events like the Medora Musical, a popular outdoor show. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park near Bismarck provides historical tours and hiking trails, making it a great destination for history buffs and nature enthusiasts.
November
Weather Description
November in North Dakota signals the transition from fall to winter, with average temperatures ranging from 19°F to 36°F (-7°C to 2°C). Snow becomes more common, especially in the mountains, and the state begins to experience winter conditions. The days are shorter, and the weather is often cold and crisp.
Clothes to Wear
Warm, insulated clothing is necessary for November, including thermal layers, a heavy winter coat, and insulated boots. Hats, gloves, and scarves are also important to protect against the cold. If you plan to spend time outdoors, consider wearing waterproof clothing to handle snow and slush.
Major Landmarks Recommended
November is a quieter time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the snow-capped mountains create a breathtaking winter landscape. Medora continues to offer cultural events like the Medora Musical, a popular outdoor show. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park near Bismarck provides historical tours and hiking trails, making it a great destination for history buffs and nature enthusiasts.
December
Weather Description
December in North Dakota is marked by cold temperatures and frequent snowfall, with average temperatures ranging from 5°F to 22°F (-15°C to -6°C). The state is transformed into a winter wonderland, with snow covering the mountains and plains. The days are short, but the festive atmosphere of the holiday season brings warmth and cheer to the cold winter days.
Clothes to Wear
Winter gear is essential in December, including thermal underwear, a thick sweater, a heavy winter coat, and insulated boots. Accessories like hats, gloves, and scarves are necessary to protect against the cold and wind. Layering is key to staying warm, especially if you plan to spend time outdoors.
Major Landmarks Recommended
December is the perfect time to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, where the ski season is in full swing, and the town is decked out in holiday lights and decorations. Medora continues to offer cultural events like the Medora Musical, a popular outdoor show. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park near Bismarck provides historical tours and hiking trails, making it a great destination for history buffs and nature enthusiasts.
