Minnesota Weather by Month
Minnesota, located in the northern United States, is known for its extreme weather variations and distinct four seasons. The state experiences a continental climate, heavily influenced by its northern latitude and the presence of more than 10,000 lakes. Winters in Minnesota are long, cold, and snowy, particularly in the northern regions where temperatures can plunge well below freezing. The state often experiences heavy snowfall, especially in the north, making it a haven for winter sports enthusiasts. Summers, on the other hand, are warm and humid, with temperatures often reaching into the 80s°F (27°C) or higher, especially in the southern regions. Spring and fall are transitional seasons, marked by moderate temperatures and beautiful changes in the landscape, particularly during the fall when Minnesota is renowned for its vibrant autumn foliage. The state’s diverse climate offers a wide range of recreational opportunities throughout the year, from ice fishing and snowmobiling in the winter to boating, fishing, and hiking during the warmer months. Whether you’re exploring the urban centers of Minneapolis and St. Paul or the natural beauty of the Boundary Waters and North Shore, Minnesota’s weather plays a significant role in shaping the experience.
Average Temperature and Precipitation by Month
| Month | Avg Temp (°F) | Avg Temp (°C) | Avg Precipitation (inches) |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 13°F | -11°C | 0.9 |
| February | 19°F | -7°C | 0.8 |
| March | 31°F | -1°C | 1.5 |
| April | 47°F | 8°C | 2.1 |
| May | 59°F | 15°C | 3.1 |
| June | 69°F | 21°C | 4.3 |
| July | 74°F | 23°C | 4.0 |
| August | 71°F | 22°C | 3.9 |
| September | 61°F | 16°C | 2.8 |
| October | 48°F | 9°C | 2.3 |
| November | 31°F | -1°C | 1.3 |
| December | 17°F | -8°C | 0.9 |
Monthly Weather, Clothing, and Landmarks
January
Weather: January is the coldest month in Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from -10°F to 20°F (-23°C to -6°C). The state experiences heavy snowfall, particularly in the northern regions, due to frequent snowstorms and lake-effect snow. The days are short, and the weather is often overcast, creating a true winter landscape across the state.
Clothing: To stay warm in January, heavy winter clothing is essential. This includes thermal layers, a down coat, insulated gloves, scarves, and a hat. Waterproof boots with good insulation are necessary for navigating snow and ice. For outdoor activities, snow pants or insulated leggings are recommended to keep warm during extended periods outside.
Landmarks: January is an ideal time for winter sports enthusiasts to visit Minnesota’s ski resorts, such as Lutsen Mountains on the North Shore, which offers excellent skiing, snowboarding, and snowshoeing opportunities. The state’s many lakes, including Lake Minnetonka and Lake of the Woods, freeze over, providing perfect conditions for ice fishing and snowmobiling. The St. Paul Winter Carnival, one of the oldest winter festivals in the United States, takes place in late January, featuring ice sculptures, parades, and winter sports competitions. This month offers a quintessential Minnesota winter experience, blending outdoor adventure with festive events.
February
Weather: February in Minnesota remains frigid, with temperatures ranging from -5°F to 25°F (-20°C to -4°C). Snow and ice continue to blanket the state, especially in the northern regions. The days start to lengthen slightly, offering a bit more daylight, but the overall conditions remain very much wintery, making it another excellent month for winter activities.
Clothing: Warm layers are essential in February, including a heavy winter coat, thermal clothing, and insulated boots. Gloves, a hat, and a scarf are necessary to protect against the biting cold winds. Waterproof outerwear is recommended, particularly in regions prone to heavy snowfall and icy conditions.
Landmarks: February is a great time to visit the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, where you can experience dog sledding or winter camping in a pristine, snow-covered landscape. The Minneapolis Sculpture Garden is another unique winter destination, where the famous “Spoonbridge and Cherry” sculpture takes on a new dimension under a blanket of snow. For those interested in history and culture, the American Swedish Institute in Minneapolis offers a cozy indoor retreat with exhibits that explore Minnesota’s Scandinavian heritage, making it a perfect stop on a cold February day.
March
Weather: March marks the beginning of the transition from winter to spring in Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 10°F to 38°F (-12°C to 3°C). The weather remains cold, especially in the early part of the month, with the potential for late-season snowstorms. However, as the month progresses, milder days become more frequent, and the snow gradually begins to melt.
Clothing: Layered clothing is ideal for March, as temperatures can vary widely throughout the day. A medium-weight jacket, along with a hat and gloves, is recommended for colder mornings and evenings. Waterproof boots are useful for navigating slushy or wet conditions as the snow starts to melt.
Landmarks: March is a perfect time to explore the North Shore of Lake Superior, where you can witness the thawing of frozen waterfalls and the breaking up of ice on the lake. Gooseberry Falls State Park, with its series of waterfalls and scenic trails, offers a breathtaking backdrop for early spring hikes. In the Twin Cities, the Como Park Zoo & Conservatory in St. Paul provides a warm indoor experience, where you can enjoy tropical plants and flowers in the conservatory while the winter landscape slowly gives way to spring outside.
April
Weather: April in Minnesota brings more consistent spring weather, with temperatures ranging from 30°F to 55°F (-1°C to 13°C). Rain showers become more frequent, helping to melt the remaining snow and encourage the growth of flowers and trees. The weather remains cool, particularly in the mornings and evenings, but the state starts to see the arrival of spring.
Clothing: Light layers, including long-sleeved shirts, a medium-weight jacket, and waterproof footwear, are ideal for April. An umbrella or raincoat is recommended for dealing with spring showers, and comfortable walking shoes are useful for exploring outdoor attractions.
Landmarks: April is a wonderful time to visit the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum in Chaska, where the early spring blooms provide a beautiful setting for a leisurely stroll through the gardens. The warmer weather also makes it an excellent time to explore Minnehaha Falls in Minneapolis, where the falls begin to flow with the melting snow, creating a picturesque scene. For those interested in history, a visit to the Mill City Museum in Minneapolis offers an educational experience, with exhibits that explore the city’s flour milling history and its transformation from an industrial center to a modern urban area.
May
Weather: May sees the full arrival of spring in Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 45°F to 68°F (7°C to 20°C). The weather is mild and pleasant, with frequent sunshine and occasional rain showers. Flowers and trees are in full bloom, making the state’s landscapes particularly beautiful during this time.
Clothing: Light, breathable clothing such as t-shirts, light jackets, and comfortable walking shoes are ideal for May. A rain jacket or umbrella may be needed for occasional showers, and sun protection, including sunscreen and a hat, is recommended.
Landmarks: May is an ideal time to visit the Chain of Lakes in Minneapolis, where you can enjoy boating, biking, and walking along scenic paths that connect several of the city’s beautiful lakes. The town of Stillwater, located on the St. Croix River, is another excellent destination, offering historic architecture, riverboat cruises, and charming shops and restaurants. For outdoor enthusiasts, a visit to Itasca State Park, the headwaters of the Mississippi River, offers opportunities for hiking, birdwatching, and exploring the park’s lush spring landscapes.
June
Weather: June ushers in summer across Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 55°F to 75°F (13°C to 24°C). The weather is warm and pleasant, with longer daylight hours and moderate humidity. The state’s landscapes are lush and green, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and events.
Clothing: Light, breathable clothing such as shorts, t-shirts, and sandals is recommended for June. A hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen are essential for sun protection, and a light jacket may be useful for cooler evenings, especially near the lakes.
Landmarks: June is an excellent time to explore the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, where you can canoe, fish, and camp in one of the most pristine natural environments in the United States. The North Shore of Lake Superior is another popular destination, with its scenic drives, hiking trails, and waterfalls providing a perfect summer backdrop. The Grand Marais Arts Festival, held in June, is a highlight of the North Shore, featuring local artists, crafts, and live music. For a more urban experience, visit the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden, where you can enjoy contemporary art in an outdoor setting.
July
Weather: July is the warmest month in Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 62°F to 82°F (17°C to 28°C). The weather is hot and occasionally humid, particularly in the southern regions. Rain is less frequent, and the long days make it the peak season for outdoor activities and events.
Clothing: Wear light, breathable clothing such as shorts, tank tops, and sandals. Sun protection is crucial, so be sure to use sunscreen, wear sunglasses, and a hat. A light rain jacket or umbrella may be needed for occasional summer showers.
Landmarks: July is ideal for enjoying Minnesota’s lakes, particularly Lake Minnetonka, where you can swim, boat, and fish. The state’s many festivals, such as the Minneapolis Aquatennial, offer parades, fireworks, and outdoor activities that celebrate summer in the Twin Cities. For a more serene experience, explore the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore on Lake Superior, where you can kayak among sea caves, hike on remote islands, and enjoy the natural beauty of the area. The Minnesota Zoo in Apple Valley also offers a fun family outing, with its extensive exhibits and outdoor trails providing a great way to spend a summer day.
August
Weather: August continues the warm and pleasant summer weather in Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 60°F to 80°F (16°C to 27°C). The heat remains manageable, especially in the northern regions, and the state experiences fewer rainy days. The risk of humidity increases slightly, but the weather is still ideal for outdoor activities.
Clothing: Light, airy clothing is recommended in August, including shorts, t-shirts, and sandals. Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat are necessary for sun protection. A light rain jacket or umbrella is useful for the occasional summer shower.
Landmarks: August is a great time to explore the North Shore of Lake Superior, where you can visit Split Rock Lighthouse, Gooseberry Falls State Park, and the charming town of Grand Marais. The Minnesota State Fair, held in late August, is one of the largest state fairs in the country, offering everything from agricultural exhibits and rides to food vendors and live entertainment. For those seeking outdoor adventure, the Superior Hiking Trail provides excellent hiking opportunities with stunning views of Lake Superior and the surrounding wilderness. The Duluth area also offers a mix of urban and outdoor experiences, with its scenic harbor, Lakewalk, and access to nearby parks and forests.
September
Weather: September brings the first hints of fall to Minnesota, with temperatures ranging from 50°F to 72°F (10°C to 22°C). The weather remains warm, but the humidity begins to decrease, making the outdoors more comfortable. The state’s landscapes start to show early signs of fall foliage, particularly in the northern regions.
Clothing: Light layers are ideal for September, with t-shirts and shorts for the warmer parts of the day and a light jacket or sweater for cooler mornings and evenings. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended for exploring outdoor areas.
Landmarks: September is the perfect time to visit the North Shore, where the fall foliage begins to appear, creating a stunning backdrop for hiking, scenic drives, and photography. The town of Ely, gateway to the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, hosts the Harvest Moon Festival, celebrating the region’s natural beauty and culture with crafts, food, and entertainment. The Twin Cities Marathon, held in Minneapolis and St. Paul, is another September highlight, attracting runners and spectators from around the world. For a unique cultural experience, visit the American Swedish Institute in Minneapolis, where you can explore exhibits on Scandinavian culture and history.
October
Weather: October sees a significant drop in temperatures, ranging from 38°F to 58°F (3°C to 14°C). The fall foliage reaches its peak, particularly in the northern and central parts of the state. The weather is typically dry and sunny, making it perfect for outdoor activities and enjoying the vibrant autumn colors.
Clothing: Warmer layers, including sweaters, jackets, and long pants, are necessary for October. A heavier coat may be needed for cold days, especially in the northern regions. Comfortable walking shoes are essential for exploring trails and parks.
Landmarks: October is the perfect time to visit Itasca State Park, where the fall colors create a stunning landscape around the headwaters of the Mississippi River. The town of Stillwater, with its historic downtown and scenic river views, offers a quintessential fall experience, complete with pumpkin patches, apple orchards, and scenic riverboat cruises. The North Shore Scenic Drive along Highway 61 is another must-see destination in October, where the fall foliage creates a breathtaking backdrop against the blue waters of Lake Superior. For those interested in history, the Minnesota History Center in St. Paul offers engaging exhibits on the state’s past, making it a great indoor option on cooler days.
November
Weather: November in Minnesota sees the onset of winter, with temperatures dropping to between 25°F and 40°F (-4°C to 4°C). The fall foliage begins to fade, and the state starts to experience more frequent frosts and the possibility of the first snowfall of the season.
Clothing: Warm layers, including sweaters and jackets, are necessary in November. A winter coat, gloves, and a hat may be needed for colder days, particularly in the northern parts of the state. Waterproof footwear is recommended for dealing with wet or frosty conditions.
Landmarks: November is a great time to visit the Twin Cities, where you can explore cultural attractions like the Walker Art Center, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, and the Science Museum of Minnesota. As the holiday season approaches, towns across Minnesota begin to light up with festive decorations, making it a charming time to visit Duluth, where Bentleyville “Tour of Lights” offers a spectacular Christmas light display along the shores of Lake Superior. For a more rustic experience, visit one of Minnesota’s many state parks, such as Jay Cooke State Park, where you can hike along the St. Louis River and enjoy the late autumn scenery.
December
Weather: December in Minnesota is characterized by cold temperatures and the approach of winter, with averages ranging from 10°F to 30°F (-12°C to -1°C). Snow becomes more common, particularly in the northern and central regions, and the state’s landscapes take on a wintry appearance with snow-covered trees and frozen lakes.
Clothing: Heavy winter clothing, including coats, scarves, gloves, and hats, is necessary for staying warm in December. Waterproof boots are essential for navigating snow and slush. Layering is key to staying comfortable in the fluctuating indoor and outdoor temperatures.
Landmarks: December is the perfect time to experience the holiday season in Minnesota. Visit the town of Stillwater, where the Christmas at the Courthouse event transforms the historic Washington County Courthouse into a winter wonderland with festive decorations, live music, and holiday markets. The Holidazzle festival in Minneapolis offers an array of holiday activities, including an outdoor market, ice skating, and light displays in Loring Park. For winter sports enthusiasts, head to Giants Ridge in Biwabik, where the ski season is in full swing, offering downhill skiing, snowboarding, and cozy lodges to warm up after a day on the slopes.
