Montana Weather by Month
Montana, known as the “Big Sky Country,” is a state in the northwestern United States, characterized by its vast landscapes, including the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and numerous rivers and lakes. Montana experiences a diverse range of climates due to its varied topography, with a semi-arid to continental climate in the plains and a more alpine climate in the mountainous regions. The state is known for its four distinct seasons: cold, snowy winters; mild, often wet springs; warm summers with cool nights; and crisp, colorful autumns. Winter temperatures can plummet well below freezing, especially in the mountains, while summer brings warm days that are ideal for outdoor activities. Montana’s weather can be unpredictable, with rapid changes in temperature and conditions, particularly in the higher elevations. This diverse climate makes Montana a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities such as skiing, snowboarding, hiking, fishing, and wildlife watching. Whether exploring the rugged beauty of Glacier National Park, the wide-open spaces of the Great Plains, or the charming small towns, Montana’s weather plays a significant role in shaping the experience.
Average Temperature and Precipitation by Month
| Month | Avg Temp (°F) | Avg Temp (°C) | Avg Precipitation (inches) |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 22°F | -6°C | 0.6 |
| February | 27°F | -3°C | 0.5 |
| March | 36°F | 2°C | 0.8 |
| April | 46°F | 8°C | 1.1 |
| May | 56°F | 13°C | 2.0 |
| June | 65°F | 18°C | 2.4 |
| July | 71°F | 22°C | 1.4 |
| August | 69°F | 21°C | 1.3 |
| September | 58°F | 14°C | 1.3 |
| October | 46°F | 8°C | 0.8 |
| November | 33°F | 1°C | 0.6 |
| December | 23°F | -5°C | 0.6 |
Monthly Weather, Clothing, and Landmarks
January
Weather: January is the coldest month in Montana, with average temperatures ranging from -5°F to 25°F (-20°C to -4°C). Snowfall is common across the state, particularly in the mountainous regions, where snow can accumulate quickly. The days are short, and the weather is often harsh, with icy winds and heavy snow making travel difficult, especially in rural areas.
Clothing: To stay warm in January, heavy winter clothing is essential. This includes thermal layers, a down coat, insulated gloves, scarves, and a hat. Waterproof and insulated boots are necessary for navigating snow and ice, particularly in the higher elevations. For those spending extended time outdoors, snow pants or insulated leggings are recommended.
Landmarks: January is an ideal time for winter sports enthusiasts to visit Montana’s renowned ski resorts, such as Big Sky Resort and Whitefish Mountain Resort, which offer excellent skiing, snowboarding, and snowshoeing opportunities. The frozen landscapes of Glacier National Park create a stunning winter wonderland, perfect for cross-country skiing or simply enjoying the serene, snow-covered scenery. For a more relaxed winter experience, consider visiting the historic town of Bozeman, where you can explore museums, galleries, and enjoy the cozy atmosphere of local cafes and restaurants.
February
Weather: February in Montana remains extremely cold, with temperatures ranging from -3°F to 28°F (-19°C to -2°C). Snow continues to blanket much of the state, particularly in the mountainous areas. The days start to lengthen slightly, but winter conditions persist, making it another great month for winter sports and activities.
Clothing: Warm layers are crucial in February, including a heavy winter coat, thermal clothing, and insulated boots. Gloves, a hat, and a scarf are necessary to protect against the cold winds. Waterproof outerwear is recommended, particularly in regions prone to heavy snowfall and icy conditions.
Landmarks: February is a great time to explore Yellowstone National Park, particularly its northern entrance in Montana, which remains open year-round. The park offers guided snowcoach tours, snowshoeing, and the opportunity to see the park’s famous geothermal features, such as Old Faithful, amidst a snowy landscape. The town of Red Lodge, located near the Beartooth Mountains, is another excellent destination for winter sports, offering a charming downtown area and access to Red Lodge Mountain Resort for skiing and snowboarding. For those interested in culture, the Montana Historical Society Museum in Helena provides a warm indoor retreat with exhibits on the state’s history and heritage.
March
Weather: March marks the beginning of the transition from winter to spring in Montana, with temperatures ranging from 20°F to 40°F (-6°C to 4°C). The weather remains cold, especially in the early part of the month, with the potential for late-season snowstorms. However, as the month progresses, temperatures start to rise, and the snow begins to melt, particularly in lower elevations.
Clothing: Layered clothing is ideal for March, as temperatures can vary widely throughout the day. A medium-weight jacket, along with a hat and gloves, is recommended for colder mornings and evenings. Waterproof boots are useful for navigating slushy or wet conditions as the snow starts to melt.
Landmarks: March is an excellent time to visit the Flathead Valley, where the early spring weather provides opportunities for hiking, wildlife watching, and enjoying the picturesque views of Flathead Lake. The warmer temperatures also make it a great time to explore the Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park, where guided tours of the impressive limestone caves begin to resume. For those seeking winter’s last hurrah, skiing and snowboarding at resorts like Big Sky and Whitefish Mountain are still in full swing, offering excellent conditions before the season ends.
April
Weather: April in Montana brings more consistent spring weather, with temperatures ranging from 30°F to 55°F (-1°C to 13°C). Rain showers become more frequent, helping to melt the remaining snow and encouraging the growth of flowers and trees. The weather remains cool, particularly in the mornings and evenings, but the state begins to thaw, and the landscapes turn green.
Clothing: Light layers, including long-sleeved shirts, a medium-weight jacket, and waterproof footwear, are ideal for April. An umbrella or raincoat is recommended for dealing with spring showers, and comfortable walking shoes are useful for exploring outdoor attractions.
Landmarks: April is a wonderful time to visit Glacier National Park, where the snow begins to melt, revealing the park’s stunning landscapes and wildlife. Although some of the park’s higher elevations may still be snow-covered, the lower areas and trails start to open up, making it a great time for early-season hiking. The town of Missoula is another excellent destination in April, offering a mix of outdoor activities and cultural attractions, including the Missoula Art Museum and the University of Montana’s beautiful campus. The blooming wildflowers and budding trees make this a picturesque time to explore the city and its surrounding natural areas.
May
Weather: May sees the full arrival of spring in Montana, with temperatures ranging from 40°F to 65°F (4°C to 18°C). The weather is mild and pleasant, with frequent sunshine and occasional rain showers. Flowers and trees are in full bloom, making the state’s landscapes particularly beautiful during this time.
Clothing: Light, breathable clothing such as t-shirts, light jackets, and comfortable walking shoes are ideal for May. A rain jacket or umbrella may be needed for occasional showers, and sun protection, including sunscreen and a hat, is recommended.
Landmarks: May is an ideal time to visit Yellowstone National Park, where the park’s roads and facilities begin to open for the season. The warmer weather makes it a great time to explore the park’s geysers, hot springs, and wildlife, including bison, elk, and bears emerging from hibernation. The town of Livingston, located near the park’s northern entrance, offers a charming base for exploring the area, with its historic downtown, galleries, and fly-fishing opportunities on the Yellowstone River. The Beartooth Highway, one of the most scenic drives in the United States, begins to open in late May, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
June
Weather: June ushers in summer across Montana, with temperatures ranging from 50°F to 75°F (10°C to 24°C). The weather is warm and pleasant, with longer daylight hours and moderate humidity. The state’s landscapes are lush and green, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and events.
Clothing: Light, breathable clothing such as shorts, t-shirts, and sandals is recommended for June. A hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen are essential for sun protection, and a light jacket may be useful for cooler evenings, especially in higher elevations.
Landmarks: June is an excellent time to explore Glacier National Park, where the famous Going-to-the-Sun Road typically opens for the season, offering access to some of the park’s most iconic vistas and hiking trails. The park’s lakes and rivers are perfect for kayaking, fishing, and wildlife watching, as the park comes alive with the sights and sounds of summer. The city of Bozeman offers a mix of outdoor adventure and cultural attractions, including the Museum of the Rockies, which features one of the largest collections of dinosaur fossils in the world. The Montana Folk Festival in Butte, held in late June, is another highlight, celebrating the state’s rich cultural heritage with live music, crafts, and food.
July
Weather: July is the warmest month in Montana, with temperatures ranging from 55°F to 85°F (13°C to 29°C). The weather is warm and dry, with occasional thunderstorms, particularly in the mountains. The long days and warm temperatures make it the peak season for outdoor activities and events across the state.
Clothing: Wear light, breathable clothing such as shorts, tank tops, and sandals. Sun protection is crucial, so be sure to use sunscreen, wear sunglasses, and a hat. A light rain jacket or umbrella may be needed for occasional summer showers.
Landmarks: July is ideal for exploring the vast wilderness of the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex, where you can hike, fish, and camp in one of the largest wilderness areas in the United States. The warmer weather also makes it a perfect time to visit Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake west of the Mississippi, where you can enjoy boating, swimming, and fishing. The town of Whitefish, located near Glacier National Park, offers a vibrant summer scene with outdoor cafes, art galleries, and the annual Whitefish Arts Festival, which features local artisans, live music, and food vendors.
August
Weather: August continues the warm and dry summer weather in Montana, with temperatures ranging from 53°F to 82°F (12°C to 28°C). The heat remains manageable, especially in the mountainous regions, and the state experiences fewer rainy days. The risk of wildfires increases slightly, but the weather is still ideal for outdoor activities.
Clothing: Light, airy clothing is necessary in August, including shorts, t-shirts, and sandals. Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat are essential for sun protection. A light rain jacket or umbrella is useful for the occasional summer shower, particularly in the mountains.
Landmarks: August is a great time to explore the Bitterroot Valley, where you can hike, fish, and enjoy the stunning views of the Bitterroot Mountains. The warmer weather also makes it a perfect time to visit the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, where you can follow in the footsteps of the famous explorers as they journeyed through Montana. The town of Bigfork, located on the shores of Flathead Lake, offers a charming summer getaway with art galleries, theaters, and the annual Bigfork Festival of the Arts, featuring local artists, crafts, and live entertainment.
September
Weather: September brings the first hints of fall to Montana, with temperatures ranging from 45°F to 70°F (7°C to 21°C). The weather remains warm, but the humidity begins to decrease, making the outdoors more comfortable. The state’s landscapes start to show early signs of fall foliage, particularly in the northern and mountainous regions.
Clothing: Light layers are ideal for September, with t-shirts and shorts for the warmer parts of the day and a light jacket or sweater for cooler mornings and evenings. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended for exploring outdoor areas.
Landmarks: September is the perfect time to visit the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, where the fall foliage begins to appear, creating a stunning backdrop for hiking, scenic drives, and photography. The town of Red Lodge, located near the Beartooth Mountains, is another great destination in September, offering access to the Beartooth Highway, one of the most scenic drives in the United States, with breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. For a more cultural experience, visit the Montana Cowboy Poetry Gathering in Lewistown, where you can enjoy live music, poetry, and storytelling that celebrates the state’s rich Western heritage.
October
Weather: October sees a significant drop in temperatures, ranging from 35°F to 55°F (2°C to 13°C). The fall foliage reaches its peak, particularly in the mountains and along the rivers, making it one of the most beautiful times of the year to explore the state. The weather is typically dry and sunny, perfect for outdoor activities and enjoying the vibrant autumn colors.
Clothing: Warmer layers, including sweaters, jackets, and long pants, are necessary for October. A heavier coat may be needed for cold days, especially in the higher elevations. Comfortable walking shoes are essential for exploring trails and parks.
Landmarks: October is the perfect time to visit Yellowstone National Park, where the fall colors create a stunning landscape around the park’s geothermal features and wildlife. The cooler weather also makes it an ideal time to explore the town of Bozeman, where you can enjoy the city’s cultural attractions, including the Museum of the Rockies and the American Computer & Robotics Museum. The Gallatin River, located near Bozeman, offers excellent fly-fishing opportunities in the fall, with the beautiful autumn colors providing a picturesque backdrop.
November
Weather: November in Montana sees the onset of winter, with temperatures dropping to between 25°F and 45°F (-4°C to 7°C). The fall foliage begins to fade, and the state starts to experience more frequent frosts and the possibility of the first snowfall of the season.
Clothing: Warm layers, including sweaters and jackets, are necessary in November. A winter coat, gloves, and a hat may be needed for colder days, particularly in the higher elevations. Waterproof footwear is recommended for dealing with wet or frosty conditions.
Landmarks: November is a great time to visit the town of Helena, where you can explore the city’s rich history, including the Montana State Capitol, the Montana Historical Society Museum, and the Cathedral of St. Helena. As the holiday season approaches, towns across Montana begin to light up with festive decorations, making it a charming time to visit Missoula, where the annual Parade of Lights kicks off the holiday season with a festive atmosphere and community events. For those interested in history, a visit to the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument offers a reflective experience, with the fall colors providing a beautiful backdrop to this historic site.
December
Weather: December in Montana is characterized by cold temperatures and the approach of winter, with averages ranging from 15°F to 35°F (-9°C to 2°C). Snow becomes more common, particularly in the mountains and northern regions, and the state’s landscapes take on a wintry appearance with snow-covered trees and frozen lakes.
Clothing: Heavy winter clothing, including coats, scarves, gloves, and hats, is necessary for staying warm in December. Waterproof boots are essential for navigating snow and slush. Layering is key to staying comfortable in the fluctuating indoor and outdoor temperatures.
Landmarks: December is the perfect time to experience the holiday season in Montana. Visit the town of Whitefish, where the annual Whitefish Christmas Stroll transforms the downtown area into a festive wonderland with lights, music, and holiday markets. The town of Red Lodge offers a similar festive atmosphere, with its Christmas Stroll and the Red Lodge Mountain ski resort providing opportunities for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. For a unique experience, take a scenic drive through the Yellowstone National Park’s northern entrance, where you can enjoy the park’s geothermal features and wildlife in a serene winter landscape.
