Russia Import Restrictions

by countryaah · Published June 2, 2019 · Updated February 13, 2025

In order to enter Russia, certain goods are subject to specific controls and, regardless of their value and quantity, they require the consent of Russia government, preferably, license must be obtained prior to passage through the customs, preventing the goods from being retained. On this page, you will see what kinds of items are prohibited from entering the Russia, and which items need special documentation before exporting to Russia.

Russia, the largest country in the world by land area, plays a central role in global trade due to its vast resources, industrial capacity, and geographic location. As one of the world’s largest economies, Russia imports a wide range of goods, from raw materials and machinery to consumer products and foodstuffs. However, Russia maintains a highly regulated import system to ensure national security, economic stability, public health, and environmental protection. The country’s import policies are shaped by its political interests, adherence to international agreements, and a desire to protect domestic industries.

The Russian Federal Customs Service, under the oversight of the Ministry of Finance, is the primary authority responsible for regulating imports into the country. Several other agencies, such as the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare (Roszdravnadzor), Ministry of Agriculture, and Federal Environmental Agency, also play crucial roles in regulating specific categories of imports. Russia’s import restrictions are impacted by its membership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), as well as its ongoing political and economic relationships with other countries. Russia has adopted several import bans, particularly against countries that have imposed sanctions on it, and continues to revise its import control laws to adapt to shifting global dynamics.

The following outlines some of the critical import restrictions enforced by Russia, including prohibited items and goods requiring an import license.

Prohibited Items for Import into Russia

Russia enforces a wide range of import prohibitions designed to protect its economy, security, and population. These restrictions are focused on safeguarding public health, maintaining environmental standards, and ensuring that goods entering the country comply with both national laws and international agreements.

Products Harmful to Public Health and Safety

One of Russia’s main priorities is protecting its citizens’ health and ensuring that goods entering the country do not pose risks to public safety. To this end, the government has implemented strict regulations that prohibit the importation of certain products.

Illicit Drugs and Narcotics: The importation of illicit drugs and narcotics is strictly prohibited under Russian law. The Federal Drug Control Service of Russia works closely with the Federal Customs Service to prevent the trafficking of illegal substances, including heroin, cocaine, methamphetamines, and synthetic drugs. Russia’s strict drug control policies are in line with international conventions, such as the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, to combat the illegal drug trade. The penalties for importing illegal narcotics are severe and can include long prison sentences, substantial fines, and confiscation of goods. Russia maintains a zero-tolerance policy towards the illegal drug trade and has imposed stringent controls to prevent illicit drugs from entering the country.
Counterfeit Medicines and Medical Devices: The Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare (Roszdravnadzor) regulates the importation of pharmaceuticals and medical devices to ensure they meet Russia’s safety and efficacy standards. The importation of counterfeit or substandard medicines and medical devices is strictly prohibited. This includes drugs, vaccines, and medical equipment that do not meet the standards set by Russian regulatory bodies or international health organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO). Counterfeit medical products pose significant risks to public health, as they may be ineffective or contain harmful substances. Roszdravnadzor ensures that all medical imports undergo rigorous testing and certification to guarantee their safety. Any products that fail to meet these standards are rejected at customs, and violators can face criminal charges, fines, and the confiscation of goods.

Environmentally Harmful Goods

Russia places significant importance on protecting its environment and natural resources. As such, the government has established import restrictions on goods that could cause environmental harm.

Hazardous Waste and E-Waste: The importation of hazardous waste, including electronic waste (e-waste), industrial waste, and medical waste, is highly regulated. E-waste often contains dangerous chemicals like lead, mercury, and cadmium, which can cause severe environmental contamination if improperly disposed of. Under Russia’s commitment to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, the country has strict controls on the importation of hazardous materials. The Federal Environmental Agency is tasked with enforcing these restrictions, ensuring that such waste is not imported into Russia. Violations of these regulations can result in significant fines and the destruction of prohibited materials. Russia’s goal is to prevent the country from becoming a dumping ground for hazardous waste and to protect the natural environment from pollution.
Products Derived from Endangered Species: In accordance with CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), Russia imposes restrictions on the importation of goods derived from endangered species. This includes ivory, animal pelts, exotic plants, and other wildlife products. The Russian Federal Forestry Agency oversees the regulation of wildlife products, ensuring that trade in these goods does not threaten the survival of endangered species. The importation of these products is banned to protect biodiversity and prevent the exploitation of endangered species. Goods that violate these regulations are confiscated at customs, and violators may face legal action, including fines and imprisonment.

Products Requiring Import Licenses

While many goods can be freely imported into Russia, certain products require an import license to ensure compliance with Russian laws and international agreements. These goods are subject to additional scrutiny to ensure that they meet the necessary safety, health, and environmental standards before being allowed into the country.

Goods Subject to Import Licensing

Several categories of goods require an import license in Russia. These goods must meet specific regulatory standards and be approved before entering the market.

Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices: The Ministry of Health and Roszdravnadzor require an import license for all pharmaceutical products and medical devices entering Russia. These goods must undergo rigorous testing and approval to ensure they meet the country’s safety standards. Importers must provide proof that the products have been certified by internationally recognized regulatory authorities such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA) or the WHO. Pharmaceuticals and medical devices that have not been adequately tested or approved for safety and efficacy are not permitted to enter Russia. In addition to safety concerns, the Ministry of Health ensures that imported medicines and medical devices comply with local laws regarding labeling, packaging, and advertising. Import licenses are granted based on the product’s compliance with these regulations.
Agricultural Products and Livestock: The importation of agricultural products, including seeds, fruits, vegetables, livestock, and animal products, is regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rosselkhoznadzor (the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance). These products require an import license to ensure they meet phytosanitary and veterinary health standards. For example, livestock must be certified as disease-free before being imported, and plant products must be inspected for pests and diseases. The Ministry of Agriculture also regulates the importation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to ensure that they do not pose risks to human health or the environment. Importers must provide certificates of origin and health certification, and the products are subject to inspection upon arrival. The licensing process ensures that agricultural products entering Russia do not threaten local agriculture or biodiversity.

Environmentally Sensitive Goods

Russia is committed to maintaining environmental standards and preventing harm to its ecosystems. Several goods that could pose environmental risks require an import license to ensure compliance with local environmental regulations.

Chemicals and Hazardous Substances: The importation of chemicals and hazardous materials, such as industrial chemicals, pesticides, and fertilizers, is strictly regulated by the Ministry of Environment and Rosselkhoznadzor. Importers must obtain an import license for these goods, which requires submitting detailed information about the chemicals’ composition, intended use, and potential environmental risks. The government evaluates the safety of these chemicals and their potential impact on human health and the environment before granting an import license. Chemicals that are toxic, persistent, or bioaccumulative are subject to additional restrictions and may be denied entry. The importation of chemicals that could cause pollution, harm wildlife, or disrupt ecosystems is tightly controlled. This regulation helps minimize the risk of environmental damage and ensures that imported chemicals are used safely and responsibly.
Plastic and Packaging Materials: In recent years, Russia has become more focused on addressing plastic waste and encouraging sustainability. The importation of plastic products, particularly non-biodegradable plastics and single-use plastic materials, is subject to licensing and regulation. The Ministry of Environment monitors the importation of plastics to ensure that they comply with Russia’s environmental standards. Importers must demonstrate that their products are recyclable or made from biodegradable materials, aligning with Russia’s goals to reduce plastic waste. Import licenses for plastics and packaging are granted only if the products meet environmental guidelines that encourage recycling and waste reduction. Non-compliant products, such as non-recyclable plastics or items that contribute to excessive plastic pollution, may face higher tariffs or be denied entry into the country.

Regulated Consumer Goods

Certain consumer goods are subject to regulatory scrutiny before they can be imported into Russia. These goods are generally subject to safety standards, ensuring that products entering the market do not pose a risk to the health or well-being of the population.

Motor Vehicles and Spare Parts: The Ministry of Transport and Federal Customs Service regulate the importation of motor vehicles and spare parts to ensure that they meet Russia’s safety and emissions standards. Vehicles must undergo safety inspections and emissions testing before being allowed to enter the country. In particular, used vehicles are subject to additional scrutiny to ensure they meet the required environmental and safety standards. The importation of used motor vehicles is heavily regulated to ensure that only vehicles that meet Euro 6 emissions standards are allowed into Russia. Spare parts for motor vehicles are also regulated to ensure they are compatible with local vehicles and comply with road safety standards. Importers must provide documentation proving that their vehicles and parts meet Russian safety requirements before they can be granted an import license.
Electronics and Household Appliances: The Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart) regulates the importation of electronics and household appliances to ensure they meet Russian safety standards. These products, including refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, and other electronic devices, must undergo safety inspections to prevent electrical hazards, fire risks, and other dangers. Additionally, household appliances must comply with energy efficiency regulations to help reduce electricity consumption. Importers are required to submit documentation proving that their products have been tested for safety and compliance with energy standards. Non-compliant products may be rejected at customs or face additional regulatory scrutiny. These regulations ensure that electronics and household appliances imported into Russia are safe to use and energy-efficient.