Where is Bhutan Located?

by countryaah · Published December 10, 2020 · Updated December 19, 2024

Where is Bhutan located on the map? Bhutan is an independent nation located in Southern Asia. Check out the following images to see location of Bhutan on maps.

Bhutan Location in World Map

Here you can see a map of Bhutan and the neighboring countries.

Location Information of Bhutan

Latitude and Longitude

Bhutan is a small, landlocked country located in the Eastern Himalayas, bordered by China to the north and India to the south, east, and west. It is situated in South Asia and is known for its stunning mountainous landscapes and rich cultural heritage. The geographical coordinates of Bhutan are:

Latitude: 27.5142° N
Longitude: 90.4336° E

These coordinates place Bhutan in a strategic location at the edge of the Himalayas, providing it with an isolated yet ecologically diverse environment. The country’s landscape varies from subtropical plains to snow-capped peaks, making it a country of stark contrasts.

Capital City and Major Cities

Capital City: Thimphu
Thimphu is the capital and largest city of Bhutan, located in the western part of the country along the banks of the Wang Chu River. With a population of around 100,000, Thimphu is the political, economic, and cultural center of Bhutan. It is unique in that it is the only capital city in the world that does not have traffic lights. The city is known for its traditional Bhutanese architecture, including the Tashichho Dzong, the National Memorial Chorten, and the Bhutan Textile Museum. Thimphu serves as the seat of the monarchy, government, and the majority of Bhutan’s administrative functions.
Major Cities:
1. Paro – Located just 55 kilometers from Thimphu, Paro is a small town that serves as the main gateway to Bhutan, as it is home to Paro International Airport, the only international airport in Bhutan. Paro is known for its historical and religious significance, including the Tiger’s Nest Monastery (Taktsang), a sacred Buddhist site perched on a cliff.
2. Phuentsholing – Situated on the southern border with India, Phuentsholing is a key commercial center and the main entry point for travelers coming from India. The city is a melting pot of cultures, featuring a blend of Bhutanese and Indian influences. It is known for the Zangtho Pelri Lhakhang, a prominent Buddhist temple.
3. Wangdue Phodrang – Located in the central region of Bhutan, Wangdue Phodrang is known for its scenic beauty and its proximity to Phobjikha Valley, a protected area that is home to the endangered black-necked cranes during the winter months. The town is also famous for the Wangdue Phodrang Dzong, a fortification that offers magnificent views of the surrounding area.
4. Trashigang – Situated in the eastern part of Bhutan, Trashigang is one of the largest districts in the country. The city is known for its remote location, rich history, and vibrant cultural practices. It serves as the gateway to the eastern region of Bhutan, with Trashigang Dzong being a key landmark in the city.
5. Trongsa – Located in the central part of Bhutan, Trongsa is historically significant for its central role in Bhutanese politics and history. The Trongsa Dzong is an iconic fortress overlooking the town, and it is considered the ancestral seat of the royal family. The town serves as an important transit point for travelers heading to the east or west of Bhutan.

Time Zone

Bhutan operates on Bhutan Time (BTT), which is UTC +6. Unlike many neighboring countries, Bhutan does not observe daylight saving time. The country is in a time zone that aligns with other nations in South Asia, including Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. The consistency of time throughout the year contributes to a stable and predictable schedule for both business and daily life in Bhutan.

Climate

Bhutan’s climate is highly varied due to its topography. The country ranges from subtropical conditions in the south to alpine climates in the north, with temperatures and precipitation varying widely across the country. Bhutan’s climate is heavily influenced by the monsoon and its position in the Himalayas.

Subtropical Climate (Southern Bhutan): The southern regions of Bhutan, including towns like Phuentsholing, experience a subtropical climate with warm temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. Summers are hot, with temperatures reaching up to 30°C (86°F), while winters are milder, with temperatures ranging between 10°C (50°F) to 15°C (59°F). The rainy season in these regions lasts from June to September, bringing substantial rainfall.
Temperate Climate (Central Bhutan): The central parts of Bhutan, including Thimphu, Wangdue Phodrang, and Paro, have a temperate climate. Summers are mild, with temperatures ranging between 15°C (59°F) and 20°C (68°F), while winters can get colder, especially in the evenings, with temperatures dipping to around 0°C (32°F). These regions also experience rainfall during the monsoon season, though not as heavy as the southern regions.
Alpine Climate (Northern Bhutan): The northernmost regions of Bhutan, including the high Himalayas and regions near Mount Jomolhari, experience an alpine climate, characterized by cold temperatures, especially in winter. Temperatures in the high mountains can fall well below freezing during the winter months, with heavy snowfall and extreme conditions. Summer temperatures in these regions range from 5°C (41°F) to 15°C (59°F), while winters can see temperatures as low as -10°C (14°F) or lower.
Monsoon and Rainfall: Bhutan experiences a monsoon season from June to September, when the southwest monsoon winds bring heavy rainfall to the country. The southern and central regions are particularly affected, while the northern parts receive significantly less rainfall due to the rain shadow effect created by the Himalayas. The monsoon season can lead to landslides and disruptions in transportation, particularly in the more mountainous regions.

Economic Status

Bhutan has a unique economic model, blending traditional agricultural practices with modern economic development while emphasizing Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a key policy measure. Bhutan’s economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, hydropower, and tourism. The government places a strong focus on environmental conservation and sustainability.

Agriculture: Agriculture remains the backbone of Bhutan’s economy, employing the majority of the population. The country produces a variety of crops, including rice, maize, wheat, barley, and vegetables. Livestock farming, including cattle, yak, and goats, is also an essential part of the rural economy. Bhutan’s organic farming initiatives have garnered international recognition, as the country aims to become the first entirely organic nation.
Hydropower: Bhutan has significant hydropower potential due to its mountainous terrain and abundant water resources. The country generates electricity from rivers flowing from the Himalayas, and hydropower is the largest export sector, providing the country with a source of income through sales to neighboring India. Bhutan’s hydropower projects contribute substantially to the economy, accounting for around 20% of its GDP. The country continues to expand its hydropower infrastructure, with several new projects in the pipeline.
Tourism: Bhutan’s tourism industry is a vital part of the country’s economic development, although the government has placed restrictions on mass tourism in order to preserve its cultural and environmental integrity. The tourism industry in Bhutan operates under a policy known as “high-value, low-impact,” meaning that visitors must pay a minimum daily fee to cover accommodation, meals, and a licensed guide. Popular tourist attractions include the Tiger’s Nest Monastery, Thimphu’s Buddhist festivals, and the Phobjikha Valley. Tourism provides foreign exchange earnings, jobs, and promotes the preservation of cultural heritage.
Manufacturing and Industry: Bhutan has a small but growing manufacturing sector. This sector includes the production of cement, wood products, handicrafts, and food processing. Bhutan also produces a variety of beverages, including local beers and spirits. However, manufacturing is limited compared to agriculture and services.
Services: The services sector is growing, with increasing investment in education, health care, and financial services. Bhutan’s banking sector has been expanding, with several commercial banks providing services to the population. The government is also focusing on infrastructure development, including road construction, telecommunications, and renewable energy.
Challenges: Despite its unique development approach, Bhutan faces challenges such as a small domestic market, limited industrial base, and dependence on India for imports and exports. Bhutan is also vulnerable to climate change, with the effects of global warming threatening its agricultural output and hydropower production. Additionally, Bhutan’s geographical isolation and lack of natural resources limit opportunities for trade diversification.

Tourist Attractions

Bhutan is known for its pristine landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and spiritual attractions. The country’s focus on preserving its environment and traditions has made it a unique travel destination in the Himalayas. Some of the top tourist attractions in Bhutan include:

Tiger’s Nest Monastery (Paro Taktsang): One of Bhutan’s most iconic landmarks, the Tiger’s Nest Monastery is perched on the edge of a cliff, 3,120 meters (10,240 feet) above sea level. The monastery is sacred to Buddhists and is a popular pilgrimage site. Visitors can hike up the cliffside to reach the monastery and enjoy stunning views of the surrounding mountains.
Thimphu: Bhutan’s capital city is known for its vibrant culture and religious significance. Key attractions in Thimphu include the Tashichho Dzong, a fortress that houses the office of the king, and the Buddha Dordenma, a massive statue of the Buddha overlooking the city. Visitors can also explore the National Memorial Chorten and visit traditional Bhutanese craft markets.
Paro: Paro is home to several important religious and cultural sites, including the Rinpung Dzong, a fortress-monastery that serves as a symbol of the country’s spiritual life. The National Museum of Bhutan, located in the Paro Dzong, showcases Bhutan’s art, culture, and history.
Punakha: Known for its picturesque valleys and historical significance, Punakha is home to the beautiful Punakha Dzong, located at the confluence of two rivers. The dzong is one of the most important in Bhutan and serves as the administrative center for the Punakha District. Visitors can also explore the nearby Chimi Lhakhang, the temple of the “Divine Madman.”
Bumthang: Bumthang is considered the spiritual heart of Bhutan, home to several sacred temples and monasteries, including the Jambay Lhakhang and Kurje Lhakhang. The region is also known for its scenic beauty, with valleys, rivers, and forests providing opportunities for hiking and nature exploration.
Phobjikha Valley: This valley is one of the most scenic areas in Bhutan, known for its wetlands and as the winter habitat for the endangered black-necked cranes. The valley is a protected nature reserve, and visitors can explore the stunning landscapes, visit the Gangtey Monastery, and participate in birdwatching.
Wangdue Phodrang: Wangdue Phodrang is known for its natural beauty and historical significance. The town offers access to several scenic trekking routes and is located near the Phobjikha Valley and the Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park.

Visa Requirements for U.S. Citizens

U.S. citizens are required to obtain a visa to visit Bhutan. The visa application process is relatively straightforward but must be coordinated through an approved travel agency. Key requirements for U.S. citizens include:

Visa Application: U.S. citizens must apply for a visa through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator or through the Tourism Council of Bhutan. Visa applications cannot be made directly to the Bhutanese Embassy.
Passport: A valid passport with at least six months of validity beyond the planned departure date from Bhutan is required.
Visa Fee: The visa fee is included in the daily tariff for tourists visiting Bhutan. The daily tariff is a fixed rate that covers accommodation, meals, transportation, and a licensed guide. The fee varies depending on the type of visa and the duration of the visit.
Extension: For stays longer than the visa’s initial duration, travelers may apply for an extension through the Tourism Council of Bhutan.

Distance to Major U.S. Cities

The approximate air distances from Paro, Bhutan, to major U.S. cities are as follows:

Distance to New York City: The distance from Paro to New York City is approximately 7,300 miles (11,750 kilometers). Flights typically take about 16-18 hours, with one or more layovers, often in cities like New Delhi or Bangkok.
Distance to Los Angeles: The distance from Paro to Los Angeles is approximately 8,300 miles (13,370 kilometers). Flights generally take around 17-19 hours, with layovers in cities such as New Delhi, Bangkok, or Singapore.

Bhutan Facts

Size	38,394 km²
Residents	763,000
Language	Dzongkha
Capital	Thimphu
Longest river	Torsa (358 km)
Highest mountain	Gangkhar (7,570 m)
Currency	Ngultrum and Indian rupee