What is the Capital of Pakistan? Islamabad
Capital City of Pakistan: Islamabad
City Overview
Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan, is a relatively modern, planned city, located in the northern part of the country. It was constructed during the 1960s to replace Karachi as the capital of Pakistan. The decision was made to take advantage of Islamabad’s more central location, provide better access to the northern regions of the country, and establish a more accessible and strategically positioned capital. Islamabad lies at the foot of the Margalla Hills, which provide a beautiful backdrop to the city and serve as a gateway to the country’s scenic northern areas. See Ebizdir for other major cities in Pakistan.
Islamabad is known for its orderly layout, abundant green spaces, and clean streets. The city is divided into sectors, each with its own distinct residential, commercial, and recreational areas. It is a city that is not only the political and administrative center of Pakistan but also an important cultural hub.
The city is home to the Presidential Palace, Parliament House, and many government ministries. It also boasts a number of parks, museums, and educational institutions. The city is considered one of the most beautiful capitals in the world, offering a mix of natural beauty and modern infrastructure.
City Facts
- Area: 906 km²
- Population: Approximately 1.2 million (2023 estimate)
- Time Zone: Pakistan Standard Time (PST), UTC +5:00
- Highest Mountain: Tirsali Peak, at 4,749 meters (15,581 feet), located in the Margalla Hills.
- Longest River: The Indus River runs through Pakistan, and its tributaries are vital to the country’s agriculture and hydroelectric power.
Major Landmarks in Islamabad
Islamabad features several key landmarks that reflect the city’s historical significance and cultural richness. These landmarks contribute to the city’s appeal both to tourists and locals, making it a popular destination for visitors seeking to experience Pakistan’s natural beauty and heritage.
- Faisal Mosque: One of the largest mosques in the world, Faisal Mosque is an iconic symbol of Islamabad. It is located at the base of the Margalla Hills and was designed by the Turkish architect Vedat Dalokay. The mosque has a modern design, with a large triangular prayer hall and a striking white marble facade, making it one of the most unique and recognizable structures in Pakistan.
- Pakistan Monument: This national symbol is located in the western part of the city and represents the four provinces of Pakistan. The monument is made of red sandstone and has four petals, each symbolizing one of Pakistan’s provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is an important cultural and historical landmark.
- Daman-e-Koh: For panoramic views of Islamabad, Daman-e-Koh provides a viewing platform situated in the Margalla Hills. From here, visitors can see the entire city, including the Faisal Mosque, Rawalpindi, and the surrounding mountains.
- Rawal Lake: Located just outside the city, Rawal Lake is a serene man-made reservoir offering recreational activities such as boating and picnicking. It provides a scenic escape from the busy urban environment and is surrounded by gardens, making it a popular spot for both locals and tourists.
- National Art Gallery: The National Art Gallery in Islamabad is an important cultural institution that showcases Pakistan’s art and history. The gallery hosts rotating exhibitions of contemporary and traditional art and is home to an impressive collection of work by Pakistani artists.
- Lok Virsa Museum: The Lok Virsa Museum is dedicated to preserving and showcasing Pakistan’s folk heritage. The museum features exhibits on traditional arts, crafts, and the diverse cultural practices found across Pakistan. It provides insight into the country’s rich history and cultural diversity.
- Saidpur Village: This restored village located at the foot of the Margalla Hills is an example of traditional Islamabad culture. The village is a mix of old and new, with preserved houses and street markets, making it a popular tourist destination for a glimpse of Islamabad’s rural past.
- Shakarparian Park: Known for its scenic beauty and historical significance, Shakarparian Park offers lush greenery and wide, open spaces. It has been the site of many national celebrations and serves as a venue for events and festivals in Islamabad.
Climate Overview
Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasons, including hot summers, mild winters, and a brief monsoon period. The city is known for its clean air, pleasant weather, and scenic surroundings, which make it an attractive place for residents and tourists alike.
Climate Data for Islamabad
| Month | Avg Temperature (°C) | Precipitation (mm) | Sunny Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 14 | 55 | 20 |
| February | 17 | 50 | 21 |
| March | 22 | 45 | 24 |
| April | 28 | 20 | 27 |
| May | 34 | 10 | 30 |
| June | 39 | 5 | 30 |
| July | 38 | 175 | 15 |
| August | 36 | 125 | 16 |
| September | 32 | 50 | 25 |
| October | 27 | 25 | 26 |
| November | 18 | 40 | 22 |
| December | 13 | 50 | 21 |
Other Capitals in Pakistan’s History
Pakistan has had several cities serve as its capital throughout its history.
Karachi (1947–1963)
Before Islamabad, Karachi served as the capital of Pakistan after the country gained independence in 1947. Karachi was the largest city and the economic heart of the country, being a vital port city. It was the main center of commerce, trade, and industry. However, due to Karachi’s coastal location and growing population pressures, it was decided that a more centrally located and less congested city was needed to serve as the capital.
Lahore (Brief period under different governments)
Lahore has not officially served as the capital of Pakistan for a long period but has been the political and cultural hub of the country. Lahore is considered the second most important city after Islamabad due to its history and importance in shaping Pakistan’s culture and politics.
Country Facts
Pakistan is a country in South Asia, bordered by India, China, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Arabian Sea. The country has a rich cultural heritage, with a history dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization. Today, Pakistan is a significant player in the geopolitics of South Asia and the Muslim world.
- Population: Approximately 240 million (2023 estimate)
- Area: 881,913 km²
- Capital: Islamabad
- Largest City: Karachi
- Currency: Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
- Official Language: Urdu (with English widely spoken for official and business purposes)
- ISO Country Codes: PK (Alpha-2), PAK (Alpha-3), 586 (Numeric)
- Government: Pakistan is a federal parliamentary republic, with a president as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.
Additional Information
- Economy: Pakistan’s economy is based on agriculture, manufacturing, and services, with a growing focus on information technology and telecommunications. It is one of the world’s largest producers of textiles and has an extensive agricultural sector.
- Religion: Islam is the official state religion, with the vast majority of Pakistanis being Muslims (mainly Sunni, with a minority of Shia). There are also minorities of Hindus, Christians, and other religions.
- Geography: Pakistan is home to a diverse range of landscapes, from the deserts in the south, to the mountains of the north, including K2, the second-highest peak in the world. The country also has access to the Arabian Sea.
Islamabad serves as a modern, picturesque capital city of Pakistan. It is known for its green spaces, well-organized structure, and significant historical landmarks. As the political and administrative hub of Pakistan, the city reflects the country’s blend of traditional values and modern progress.
