Armenia, South Caucasus State, Western Asia; 29,800 km2, 3 million residents (2019).Armenia borders Georgia in the north, Azerbaijan in the east and south, Iran in the south and Turkey in the south and west. The capital is Yerevan (1.1 million residents, 2019).
Country facts
- Hayastani Hanrapetutyoun / Republic of Armenia
- Country abbreviation: AM
- Area: 29 800 km2
- Population (2019): 3 million residents
- Capital: Yerevan
- Main language: Armenian
- State: Republic
- Head of State: Armen Sargsyan (President)
- Head of Government: Nikol Pasjinian
- Per capita GDP (2018): US $ 4,212
- GNI per capita (2018): US $ 4,230
- Coin unit: 1 dram = 100 louma
- Currency code: AMD
- Country number (telephony): 374
- Internet Domain Name: am
- Time difference compared to Sweden: +3
- National Day: September 21 (Independence Day, 1991)
Nature
- Land use: forest (13%), agricultural land (20%), other (67%)
- Highest mountain: Aragats (4,090 m above sea level)
- Largest lake: Lake Sevan (1,230 km2 )
Population
- Population density (2019): 101 residents per km2
- Natural population growth (2019): 0.3%; birth rate 12 ‰, death rate 9 ‰
- Age structure (2019): 0-14 years (20%), 15-64 (68%), 65- (12%)
- Life expectancy (2019): men 72 years, women 79 years
- Infant mortality (2019): 7 per 1,000 live births
- Population forecast 2050: 2 million residents
- HDI (2017): 0.755 (place 83 of 188)
- Urbanization rate (2019): 64%
- Most populous cities (2019): Yerevan (1.1 million residents), Gjumri (113,800 residents)
Business
- Industry’s contribution to GDP (2017): agriculture (17%), industry (28%), service (55%)
- Exports (2017): US $ 2 360 million
- Main export products: minerals, food, energy
- Main exporting countries: Russian Federation, Bulgaria, Switzerland
- Imports (2017): US $ 3,770 million
- Main import products: fuel, tobacco, food
- Main importing countries: Russian Federation, China, Turkey
- Railway network (2014): 780 km
Armenian nature is largely characterized by the highlands and mountain ranges of the Lesser Caucasus. Between the mountain ranges are plateaus and deep river valleys. In central Armenia, Lake Sevan is surrounded by high mountain ranges. Along the border with Turkey and Iran, the river Aras flows, surrounded by the fertile and densely populated Ararat plain.
The country’s constitution gives the president, who is elected for five years, a strong position. Parliament is elected in general elections every five years. Armenia declared itself independently in 1991. Nearly the entire population is Christian Armenians; some have moved in after the conflicts with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh.
Business, which is based on the industrial and agricultural industries, was closely linked to the Soviet Union before independence. After independence, the country has had major economic problems. For some time, the industry has had difficulties with the raw material and energy supply. The dry climate and the altitude of the sea mean that the country’s conditions for agriculture are limited, and just over a third of the cultivated land is irrigated.
Armenia Map
