New Hampshire Counties. List Alphabetically (and by Population)
How many counties are there in New Hampshire? As of 2024, there are a total of 10 counties in the state of New Hampshire. Among them, Cheshire County is the oldest one (established in 1769) while Belknap County is the youngest (established in 1840). With population of 406,678, Hillsborough County is the most populated. The biggest county by land area is Coos County (4,665 km²) and the smallest is Strafford County (956 km²).
Largest Counties in New Hampshire
1. Coös County
County Seat: Lancaster
- Area: 1,801 square miles
- Population: Approximately 31,634
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 44.4569° N, 71.1836° W
Location and History
Coös County, located in the northernmost part of New Hampshire, is the largest county by area in the state and the least populous. Established in 1803, it was originally part of Grafton County before becoming its own jurisdiction. The name “Coös” comes from the Native American word for “pine tree,” reflecting the region’s dense forests. Lancaster, the county seat, is a small town known for its historical significance and charming New England character. Coös County is renowned for its rugged terrain, including the White Mountains, the Great North Woods, and the Connecticut River Valley. The county’s economy has traditionally been based on logging, paper manufacturing, and tourism, particularly outdoor recreation.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Coös County is traversed by several major highways, including U.S. Route 3, which runs north-south through the county, and U.S. Route 2, which runs east-west. These highways provide access to many of the county’s natural attractions. Notable landmarks include Mount Washington, the highest peak in the northeastern United States, and the Mount Washington Auto Road, a historic and scenic drive to the summit. The White Mountain National Forest covers a significant portion of the county, offering hiking, camping, and skiing opportunities. The Androscoggin River, which flows through the county, is a popular spot for fishing and kayaking. The county is also home to the Berlin Fish Hatchery and Jericho Mountain State Park, known for ATV trails.
2. Grafton County
County Seat: North Haverhill
- Area: 1,750 square miles
- Population: Approximately 89,886
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 44.0084° N, 71.8190° W
Location and History
Grafton County is located in western New Hampshire, bordered by Vermont to the west and the White Mountains to the east. Established in 1769, the county was named after Augustus FitzRoy, the 3rd Duke of Grafton and a supporter of American independence. North Haverhill, the county seat, is a small community with a rich agricultural history. The county’s economy is diverse, with agriculture, education, healthcare, and tourism playing significant roles. Dartmouth College, an Ivy League institution, is located in Hanover, making it a center for education and research. The county’s landscape is characterized by mountains, forests, rivers, and small towns.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Grafton County is served by Interstate 93, which runs north-south through the eastern part of the county, and Interstate 89, which runs southwest-northeast. U.S. Route 302 also crosses the county, providing access to Vermont and Maine. Notable landmarks include the Appalachian Trail, which passes through the county and offers some of the best hiking in the Northeast. The Franconia Notch State Park, home to the Flume Gorge and the Cannon Mountain Aerial Tramway, is a major tourist destination. The Connecticut River, which forms the western boundary of the county, is popular for boating and fishing. The town of Littleton is known for its historic downtown and as a gateway to the White Mountains.
3. Carroll County
County Seat: Ossipee
- Area: 992 square miles
- Population: Approximately 49,949
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.8336° N, 71.2047° W
Location and History
Carroll County is located in eastern New Hampshire, bordered by Maine to the east and the White Mountains to the north. The county was established in 1840 and named after Charles Carroll, the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence. Ossipee, the county seat, is a small town with a history rooted in agriculture and lumber. The county is known for its scenic landscapes, including lakes, mountains, and forests, making it a popular destination for outdoor recreation. Tourism is a significant part of the county’s economy, with visitors drawn to the area’s natural beauty and outdoor activities.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Carroll County is accessible via several major highways, including U.S. Route 302, which runs east-west through the county, and New Hampshire Route 16, which runs north-south. Notable landmarks include Mount Chocorua, one of the most photographed mountains in New England, and the nearby White Mountain National Forest, which offers hiking, camping, and skiing opportunities. Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire’s largest lake, partially lies within the county and is a major summer destination for boating, fishing, and swimming. The historic Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods is also located in the county, known for its grand architecture and as the site of the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference. The Kancamagus Highway, a scenic byway known for its stunning fall foliage, is another major attraction in the area.
4. Sullivan County
County Seat: Newport
- Area: 552 square miles
- Population: Approximately 43,146
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.3770° N, 72.3624° W
Location and History
Sullivan County is located in western New Hampshire, bordered by Vermont to the west. The county was established in 1827 and named after John Sullivan, a Revolutionary War general and former governor of New Hampshire. Newport, the county seat, is known for its historic downtown and as a center for commerce and manufacturing. The county’s economy has traditionally been based on manufacturing, agriculture, and forestry, with tourism also playing an important role. Sullivan County is characterized by its rolling hills, river valleys, and small towns, offering a quintessential New England experience.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Sullivan County is served by major highways such as Interstate 89, which runs through the northeastern part of the county, and U.S. Route 4, which provides access to Vermont and central New Hampshire. Notable landmarks include the Cornish-Windsor Covered Bridge, the longest wooden covered bridge in the United States, which spans the Connecticut River between New Hampshire and Vermont. The Saint-Gaudens National Historical Park in Cornish is dedicated to the life and work of the famous sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens and features beautiful gardens and art installations. Mount Sunapee State Park, located partially within the county, is a popular destination for skiing in the winter and hiking and boating in the summer. The county is also home to the Newport Historical Society Museum, which preserves the history of the region.
5. Merrimack County
County Seat: Concord
- Area: 956 square miles
- Population: Approximately 151,391
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.2081° N, 71.5376° W
Location and History
Merrimack County is centrally located in New Hampshire, with Concord as its county seat and state capital. The county was established in 1823 and named after the Merrimack River, which flows through the region. Concord, founded in 1725, has a rich history and has been the state’s capital since 1808. Merrimack County has a diverse economy, with government, healthcare, education, and manufacturing being significant sectors. The county is known for its historical sites, cultural institutions, and natural beauty, including the Merrimack River, which has played a vital role in the county’s development.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Merrimack County is well-connected by several major highways, including Interstate 93, which runs north-south through the county, and Interstate 89, which provides access to Vermont. U.S. Route 4 and U.S. Route 3 also cross the county. Notable landmarks include the New Hampshire State House in Concord, the oldest state capitol in which the legislature still meets in its original chambers. The McAuliffe-Shepard Discovery Center, named after astronaut Christa McAuliffe and Alan Shepard, offers exhibits on space and aviation. The county is also home to Canterbury Shaker Village, a well-preserved Shaker community that provides insight into the Shaker way of life. The Northern Rail Trail, which runs through the county, is a popular destination for biking and hiking.
6. Belknap County
County Seat: Laconia
- Area: 469 square miles
- Population: Approximately 61,303
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.5303° N, 71.4703° W
Location and History
Belknap County is located in the central part of New Hampshire, with Laconia as its county seat. The county was established in 1840 and named after Jeremy Belknap, a historian and clergyman. Laconia, known as the “City on the Lakes,” has a history tied to manufacturing and tourism, particularly due to its location between Lake Winnipesaukee and Lake Winnisquam. The county’s economy has historically been based on manufacturing, tourism, and recreation, with the lakes and nearby mountains attracting visitors year-round. Belknap County is known for its scenic beauty and outdoor activities, making it a popular destination for tourists.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Belknap County is accessible via several major highways, including U.S. Route 3, which runs north-south through the county, and New Hampshire Route 11, which provides access to the Lakes Region. Notable landmarks include Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire’s largest lake, which offers boating, fishing, and swimming opportunities. The county is also home to Gunstock Mountain Resort, a popular destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other outdoor activities. Weirs Beach in Laconia is a well-known tourist spot, famous for its boardwalk, arcades, and the annual Laconia Motorcycle Week. The Belknap Mill in Laconia, the oldest unaltered brick textile mill in the United States, now serves as a museum and community center.
7. Rockingham County
County Seat: Brentwood
- Area: 695 square miles
- Population: Approximately 309,769
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 42.9931° N, 71.0723° W
Location and History
Rockingham County is located in southeastern New Hampshire, bordering Massachusetts to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The county was established in 1769 and named after Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, a British Prime Minister who was sympathetic to the American colonies. Brentwood, the county seat, is a small town with a rural character. Rockingham County is one of the most populous and economically significant counties in New Hampshire, with a diverse economy that includes manufacturing, healthcare, education, and tourism. The county’s coastal location has made it a vital part of New Hampshire’s history and development.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Rockingham County is well-connected by major highways such as Interstate 93, which runs north-south, and Interstate 95, which provides access to the New Hampshire Seacoast and Boston. U.S. Route 1 and New Hampshire Route 101 are also important routes in the county. Notable landmarks include the historic town of Portsmouth, known for its well-preserved colonial architecture, vibrant cultural scene, and the Strawbery Banke Museum, an outdoor history museum that brings the colonial past to life. Hampton Beach, one of the most popular beach destinations in New England, is located in the county and offers a variety of summer activities. The county is also home to Exeter, a historic town that played a significant role in the American Revolution and is home to Phillips Exeter Academy, one of the oldest and most prestigious prep schools in the country.
8. Cheshire County
County Seat: Keene
- Area: 728 square miles
- Population: Approximately 76,085
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 42.9337° N, 72.2789° W
Location and History
Cheshire County is situated in the southwestern part of New Hampshire, bordering Massachusetts to the south and Vermont to the west. Established in 1769, the county was named after Cheshire, England, reflecting the region’s early colonial influences. Keene, the county seat, is a historic town known for its vibrant arts scene and as a commercial hub for the surrounding rural areas. The county’s landscape is characterized by rolling hills, fertile valleys, and extensive forests, making it ideal for agriculture and outdoor recreation. Historically, Cheshire County developed as an important center for agriculture, textile manufacturing, and shoe production during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Over time, the economy diversified to include education, healthcare, and service industries. The presence of institutions like Keene State College has further contributed to the county’s educational and cultural development. Cheshire County is also known for its strong community spirit, evidenced by numerous local festivals, farmers’ markets, and community events that celebrate its rich heritage and natural beauty.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Cheshire County is accessible via major highways such as New Hampshire Route 9, which runs east-west through the county, and U.S. Route 202, which provides north-south connectivity. These highways facilitate easy access to neighboring states and major cities within New Hampshire. Notable landmarks include Mount Monadnock, one of the most climbed mountains in the world, renowned for its panoramic views and challenging hiking trails. The historic town of Keene hosts the annual Keene Pumpkin Festival, attracting pumpkin enthusiasts and visitors from across New England. Additionally, the Cheshire Rail Trail offers scenic paths for walking and biking, while the Bartlett H. Stone House Museum provides insights into the county’s rich history. Keene Arts Theatre and various local galleries contribute to the vibrant cultural scene, and numerous parks and nature reserves, such as Bear Brook State Park, offer ample opportunities for outdoor recreation. The combination of historical sites, natural beauty, and modern amenities makes Cheshire County a diverse and attractive region for both residents and tourists alike.
9. Hillsborough County
County Seat: Concord
- Area: 1,281 square miles
- Population: Approximately 422,937
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.2073° N, 71.5376° W
Location and History
Hillsborough County is the most populous county in New Hampshire, located in the southern-central part of the state. Established in 1769, it was named after Wills Hill, the 1st Marquess of Downshire, who was the Secretary of State for the Colonies at the time. Concord, the county seat and New Hampshire’s capital, serves as the political and administrative hub of the state. The county encompasses a diverse range of landscapes, from urban centers and suburban communities to rural towns and agricultural areas. Historically, Hillsborough County played a significant role in the industrial development of New Hampshire, with early industries including textiles, shoes, and manufacturing. Over time, the economy has diversified to include services, education, healthcare, and technology sectors. The presence of institutions like the University of New Hampshire at Manchester contributes to the county’s vibrant academic and cultural environment. Hillsborough County is also known for its rich cultural heritage, historic sites, and vibrant communities, offering a blend of historical charm and modern amenities. The geographic diversity, including the Merrimack River, rolling hills, and extensive parklands, makes it an attractive area for both residents and visitors.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Hillsborough County is well-served by a network of major highways, including Interstate 93, which runs north-south through the county, connecting Concord to Manchester and extending to the White Mountains. Interstate 89 traverses the county from northeast to southwest, providing access to Vermont and other regions. U.S. Route 3 runs through the eastern part of the county, offering connections to the seacoast and beyond. The Spaulding Turnpike (New Hampshire Route 16) serves as a key north-south corridor within the county. Notable landmarks include the New Hampshire State House in Concord, one of the oldest state capitol buildings still in use, known for its stunning architecture and historical significance. The McAuliffe-Shepard Discovery Center, an interactive science museum celebrating space and aviation achievements, is a major attraction. Hillsborough County also boasts extensive park systems, such as Bear Brook State Park, which offers hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing, and the Riverwalk in Manchester, a scenic pathway along the Merrimack River. Additionally, the downtown areas of Concord and Manchester are vibrant centers for shopping, dining, arts, and entertainment. Historical sites like the Pierce Manse, home of President Franklin Pierce, and the Currier Museum of Art in Manchester further enhance the county’s cultural landscape. The combination of historical significance, natural beauty, and modern infrastructure makes Hillsborough County a dynamic and appealing region.
10. Strafford County
County Seat: Dover
- Area: 300 square miles
- Population: Approximately 130,889
- Area Codes: 603
- Latitude and Longitude: 43.1939° N, 70.8712° W
Location and History
Strafford County is located in the southeastern corner of New Hampshire, bordering both Maine to the east and Massachusetts to the south. Established in 1769, the county was named in honor of John Strafford, a British statesman and supporter of the American colonies. Dover, the county seat, is one of the oldest permanent settlements in New Hampshire, with a history dating back to the early 17th century. Strafford County played a significant role in the early industrialization of New England, with manufacturing and trade thriving in towns like Dover and Rochester. The county’s economy has evolved to include a balanced mix of manufacturing, healthcare, education, and retail sectors. The presence of the University of New Hampshire at Durham adds an academic and research dimension to the county, fostering innovation and cultural activities. Strafford County’s landscape features rolling hills, river valleys, and coastal areas, providing a picturesque setting for both residents and visitors. The county’s rich colonial heritage is preserved through numerous historical sites, museums, and well-maintained town centers, reflecting its importance in the region’s development.
Major Highways and Landmarks
Strafford County is served by major transportation routes including Interstate 95, which runs along the eastern edge of the county, facilitating access to Boston and other major cities. U.S. Route 1 also parallels I-95, offering scenic coastal views and connections to local communities. The Spaulding Turnpike (New Hampshire Route 16) is a vital north-south corridor within the county, linking Dover to Rochester and other inland areas. U.S. Route 202 provides additional connectivity, running north-south through the county. Notable landmarks in Strafford County include the Dover International Speedway, a premier venue for NASCAR events that attracts racing enthusiasts from around the region. The Music Hall in Dover serves as a cultural hub, hosting a variety of performances and community events. The New Hampshire Historical Society’s Museum of History and Art in Dover preserves and showcases the county’s rich heritage. Lake Winnisquam offers recreational opportunities for boating, fishing, and swimming, while the nearby beaches and parks provide outdoor activities year-round. Additionally, the historic downtown areas of Dover and Rochester feature charming shops, restaurants, and cultural venues. The picturesque landscapes, combined with historical and modern attractions, make Strafford County a dynamic and appealing destination for both living and tourism.
List of All Counties in New Hampshire Alphabetically
Below please see all New Hampshire counties which are listed in alphabetical order.
- Belknap County, NH
- Carroll County, NH
- Cheshire County, NH
- Coos County, NH
- Grafton County, NH
- Hillsborough County, NH
- Merrimack County, NH
- Rockingham County, NH
- Strafford County, NH
- Sullivan County, NH
Map of New Hampshire Counties
