Gdzie leży Bhutan?

Gdzie na mapie znajduje się Bhutan? Bhutan to niepodległy kraj położony w Azji Południowej. Sprawdź poniższe obrazy, aby zobaczyć lokalizację Bhutanu na mapach.

Lokalizacja Bhutanu na mapie świata

Tutaj możesz zobaczyć mapę Bhutanu i sąsiednich krajów.

Informacje o lokalizacji Bhutanu

Szerokość i długość geograficzna

Bhutan to mały, śródlądowy kraj położony we wschodnich Himalajach, graniczący z Chinami na północy i Indiami na południu, wschodzie i zachodzie. Znajduje się w Azji Południowej i jest znany ze swoich oszałamiających górskich krajobrazów i bogatego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Współrzędne geograficzne Bhutanu to:

• Szerokość geograficzna: 27.5142° N
• Długość geograficzna: 90.4336° E

Te współrzędne umieszczają Bhutan w strategicznym położeniu na skraju Himalajów, zapewniając mu odizolowane, ale ekologicznie zróżnicowane środowisko. Krajobraz kraju waha się od subtropikalnych równin po ośnieżone szczyty, co czyni go krajem ostrych kontrastów.

Stolica i główne miasta

• Stolica: ThimphuThimphu jest stolicą i największym miastem Bhutanu, położonym w zachodniej części kraju, wzdłuż brzegów rzeki Wang Chu. Z populacją około 100 000, Thimphu jest politycznym, ekonomicznym i kulturalnym centrum Bhutanu. Jest wyjątkowe, ponieważ jest jedyną stolicą na świecie, która nie ma sygnalizacji świetlnej. Miasto jest znane z tradycyjnej bhutańskiej architektury, w tym Tashichho Dzong, National Memorial Chorten i Bhutan Textile Museum. Thimphu jest siedzibą monarchii, rządu i większości funkcji administracyjnych Bhutanu.
• Główne miasta:
  1. Paro – Położone zaledwie 55 kilometrów od Thimphu, Paro jest małym miastem, które stanowi główną bramę do Bhutanu, ponieważ jest domem międzynarodowego lotniska Paro, jedynego międzynarodowego lotniska w Bhutanie. Paro jest znane ze swojego historycznego i religijnego znaczenia, w tym klasztoru Tygrysiego Gniazda (Taktsang), świętego miejsca buddyjskiego położonego na klifie.
  2. Phuentsholing – Położone na południowej granicy z Indiami, Phuentsholing jest kluczowym ośrodkiem handlowym i głównym punktem wjazdu dla podróżnych przybywających z Indii. Miasto jest tyglem kultur, łączącym wpływy bhutańskie i indyjskie. Jest znane z Zangtho Pelri Lhakhang, znanej buddyjskiej świątyni.
  3. Wangdue Phodrang – Located in the central region of Bhutan, Wangdue Phodrang is known for its scenic beauty and its proximity to Phobjikha Valley, a protected area that is home to the endangered black-necked cranes during the winter months. The town is also famous for the Wangdue Phodrang Dzong, a fortification that offers magnificent views of the surrounding area.
  4. Trashigang – Situated in the eastern part of Bhutan, Trashigang is one of the largest districts in the country. The city is known for its remote location, rich history, and vibrant cultural practices. It serves as the gateway to the eastern region of Bhutan, with Trashigang Dzong being a key landmark in the city.
  5. Trongsa – Located in the central part of Bhutan, Trongsa is historically significant for its central role in Bhutanese politics and history. The Trongsa Dzong is an iconic fortress overlooking the town, and it is considered the ancestral seat of the royal family. The town serves as an important transit point for travelers heading to the east or west of Bhutan.

Time Zone

Bhutan operates on Bhutan Time (BTT), which is UTC +6. Unlike many neighboring countries, Bhutan does not observe daylight saving time. The country is in a time zone that aligns with other nations in South Asia, including Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. The consistency of time throughout the year contributes to a stable and predictable schedule for both business and daily life in Bhutan.

Climate

Bhutan’s climate is highly varied due to its topography. The country ranges from subtropical conditions in the south to alpine climates in the north, with temperatures and precipitation varying widely across the country. Bhutan’s climate is heavily influenced by the monsoon and its position in the Himalayas.

• Subtropical Climate (Southern Bhutan): The southern regions of Bhutan, including towns like Phuentsholing, experience a subtropical climate with warm temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. Summers are hot, with temperatures reaching up to 30°C (86°F), while winters are milder, with temperatures ranging between 10°C (50°F) to 15°C (59°F). The rainy season in these regions lasts from June to September, bringing substantial rainfall.
• Temperate Climate (Central Bhutan): The central parts of Bhutan, including Thimphu, Wangdue Phodrang, and Paro, have a temperate climate. Summers are mild, with temperatures ranging between 15°C (59°F) and 20°C (68°F), while winters can get colder, especially in the evenings, with temperatures dipping to around 0°C (32°F). These regions also experience rainfall during the monsoon season, though not as heavy as the southern regions.
• Alpine Climate (Northern Bhutan): The northernmost regions of Bhutan, including the high Himalayas and regions near Mount Jomolhari, experience an alpine climate, characterized by cold temperatures, especially in winter. Temperatures in the high mountains can fall well below freezing during the winter months, with heavy snowfall and extreme conditions. Summer temperatures in these regions range from 5°C (41°F) to 15°C (59°F), while winters can see temperatures as low as -10°C (14°F) or lower.
• Monsoon and Rainfall: Bhutan experiences a monsoon season from June to September, when the southwest monsoon winds bring heavy rainfall to the country. The southern and central regions are particularly affected, while the northern parts receive significantly less rainfall due to the rain shadow effect created by the Himalayas. The monsoon season can lead to landslides and disruptions in transportation, particularly in the more mountainous regions.

Economic Status

Bhutan has a unique economic model, blending traditional agricultural practices with modern economic development while emphasizing Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a key policy measure. Bhutan’s economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, hydropower, and tourism. The government places a strong focus on environmental conservation and sustainability.

• Agriculture: Agriculture remains the backbone of Bhutan’s economy, employing the majority of the population. The country produces a variety of crops, including rice, maize, wheat, barley, and vegetables. Livestock farming, including cattle, yak, and goats, is also an essential part of the rural economy. Bhutan’s organic farming initiatives have garnered international recognition, as the country aims to become the first entirely organic nation.
• Hydropower: Bhutan has significant hydropower potential due to its mountainous terrain and abundant water resources. The country generates electricity from rivers flowing from the Himalayas, and hydropower is the largest export sector, providing the country with a source of income through sales to neighboring India. Bhutan’s hydropower projects contribute substantially to the economy, accounting for around 20% of its GDP. The country continues to expand its hydropower infrastructure, with several new projects in the pipeline.
• Tourism: Bhutan’s tourism industry is a vital part of the country’s economic development, although the government has placed restrictions on mass tourism in order to preserve its cultural and environmental integrity. The tourism industry in Bhutan operates under a policy known as “high-value, low-impact,” meaning that visitors must pay a minimum daily fee to cover accommodation, meals, and a licensed guide. Popular tourist attractions include the Tiger’s Nest Monastery, Thimphu’s Buddhist festivals, and the Phobjikha Valley. Tourism provides foreign exchange earnings, jobs, and promotes the preservation of cultural heritage.
• Manufacturing and Industry: Bhutan has a small but growing manufacturing sector. This sector includes the production of cement, wood products, handicrafts, and food processing. Bhutan also produces a variety of beverages, including local beers and spirits. However, manufacturing is limited compared to agriculture and services.
• Services: The services sector is growing, with increasing investment in education, health care, and financial services. Bhutan’s banking sector has been expanding, with several commercial banks providing services to the population. The government is also focusing on infrastructure development, including road construction, telecommunications, and renewable energy.
• Challenges: Despite its unique development approach, Bhutan faces challenges such as a small domestic market, limited industrial base, and dependence on India for imports and exports. Bhutan is also vulnerable to climate change, with the effects of global warming threatening its agricultural output and hydropower production. Additionally, Bhutan’s geographical isolation and lack of natural resources limit opportunities for trade diversification.

Tourist Attractions

Bhutan is known for its pristine landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and spiritual attractions. The country’s focus on preserving its environment and traditions has made it a unique travel destination in the Himalayas. Some of the top tourist attractions in Bhutan include:

• Tiger’s Nest Monastery (Paro Taktsang): One of Bhutan’s most iconic landmarks, the Tiger’s Nest Monastery is perched on the edge of a cliff, 3,120 meters (10,240 feet) above sea level. The monastery is sacred to Buddhists and is a popular pilgrimage site. Visitors can hike up the cliffside to reach the monastery and enjoy stunning views of the surrounding mountains.
• Thimphu: Bhutan’s capital city is known for its vibrant culture and religious significance. Key attractions in Thimphu include the Tashichho Dzong, a fortress that houses the office of the king, and the Buddha Dordenma, a massive statue of the Buddha overlooking the city. Visitors can also explore the National Memorial Chorten and visit traditional Bhutanese craft markets.
• Paro: Paro is home to several important religious and cultural sites, including the Rinpung Dzong, a fortress-monastery that serves as a symbol of the country’s spiritual life. The National Museum of Bhutan, located in the Paro Dzong, showcases Bhutan’s art, culture, and history.
• Punakha: Known for its picturesque valleys and historical significance, Punakha is home to the beautiful Punakha Dzong, located at the confluence of two rivers. The dzong is one of the most important in Bhutan and serves as the administrative center for the Punakha District. Visitors can also explore the nearby Chimi Lhakhang, the temple of the “Divine Madman.”
• Bumthang: Bumthang is considered the spiritual heart of Bhutan, home to several sacred temples and monasteries, including the Jambay Lhakhang and Kurje Lhakhang. The region is also known for its scenic beauty, with valleys, rivers, and forests providing opportunities for hiking and nature exploration.
• Phobjikha Valley: This valley is one of the most scenic areas in Bhutan, known for its wetlands and as the winter habitat for the endangered black-necked cranes. The valley is a protected nature reserve, and visitors can explore the stunning landscapes, visit the Gangtey Monastery, and participate in birdwatching.
• Wangdue Phodrang: Wangdue Phodrang is known for its natural beauty and historical significance. The town offers access to several scenic trekking routes and is located near the Phobjikha Valley and the Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park.

Visa Requirements for U.S. Citizens

U.S. citizens are required to obtain a visa to visit Bhutan. The visa application process is relatively straightforward but must be coordinated through an approved travel agency. Key requirements for U.S. citizens include:

1. Visa Application: U.S. citizens must apply for a visa through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator or through the Tourism Council of Bhutan. Visa applications cannot be made directly to the Bhutanese Embassy.
2. Passport: A valid passport with at least six months of validity beyond the planned departure date from Bhutan is required.
3. Opłata wizowa: Opłata wizowa jest wliczona w dzienną taryfę dla turystów odwiedzających Bhutan. Dzienna taryfa jest stałą stawką, która obejmuje zakwaterowanie, posiłki, transport i licencjonowanego przewodnika. Opłata różni się w zależności od rodzaju wizy i czasu trwania wizyty.
4. Przedłużenie: W przypadku pobytów dłuższych niż pierwotnie określony w wizie, podróżni mogą ubiegać się o przedłużenie za pośrednictwem Rady Turystyki Bhutanu.

Odległość do głównych miast USA

Przybliżona odległość lotnicza z Paro w Bhutanie do większych miast USA przedstawia się następująco:

• Odległość do Nowego Jorku: Odległość z Paro do Nowego Jorku wynosi około 7300 mil (11750 kilometrów). Loty zazwyczaj trwają około 16-18 godzin, z jedną lub kilkoma przesiadkami, często w miastach takich jak New Delhi lub Bangkok.
• Odległość do Los Angeles: Odległość z Paro do Los Angeles wynosi około 8300 mil (13370 kilometrów). Loty zazwyczaj trwają około 17-19 godzin, z przesiadkami w miastach takich jak New Delhi, Bangkok lub Singapur.

Fakty o Bhutanie